U.S. Code: Title 23

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2005—Pub. L. 109–59, title I, § 1602(e)(2), title V, 5201(a)(1), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1248, 1780, added items for chapters 5 and 6 and struck out item for former chapter 5 “Research and Technology”.

1998—Pub. L. 105–178, title V, § 5101(1), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 422, added item for chapter 5.

1966—Pub. L. 89–564, title I, § 102(b)(3), Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 735, added item for chapter 4.

Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title 23
Title 23 Former Sections	Title 23 New Sections
1	Rep.
2	101
2a	101(a)
2b	101(a)
3	Rep.
3a	Rep.
3b	Rep.
4	Rep.
5	Rep.
6	103(b), (e), 105(c), 121(c)
6–1	103(c)
6a	103(d)
6a–1	105(d)
6a–2	310
6b	Rep.
6c	Rep.
7	110(a)
8	109(a)
8a	109(a), 112(a)
9	301
9a	129(a)
9a–1	Rep.
9b	129(a)
10	109(a)
10a	Rep.
10b	Rep.
10c	Rep.
11	Rep.
12	105(a), 106(a), (c), 121(d)
12a	121(c)
12b	Rep.
13	114(a)
13–1	112(b), (c)
13a	Rep.
13b	103(d)
14	121(a), (b), (e)
14a	Elim.
15	Rep.
16	Rep.
17	316
18	317(a)–(c)
19	315
20	Rep.
20a	Rep.
21	104(a), (b)(1)
21–1	307(a), (b)
21a	104(b), 105(a), 106(a), 114(a), 118(a), (c)
21a–1	Rep.
21a–2	Elim.
21b	Rep.
21c	311
21d	Rep.
21e	122
22	104(e)
23	101(a), 202(b), 204(a)–(c), 205(a)–(c)
23a	Rep.
23b	Rep.
23b–1	Rep.
23c	205(c)
24	Rep.
24a	109(e)
25	Rep.
26	Rep.
41	101(a), 105(e)
41a	101(a), 103(b)
41b	101(a), 103(b)
42	Rep.
43	Rep.
44	Rep.
45	Elim.
46	See T. 18 § 1020
47–53	Rep.
54	Elim.
54a	Rep.
54b	Elim.
55	126
55a	Rep.
55b	126(b)
56	Rep.
57	314
58	Elim.
59	Elim.
59a	Rep.
60	103(d)
61	307(c)
62	318
63	109(d)
64	320(a)
65	320(b)
66	320(c)
67	320(d)
68	320(e)
69	320(f)
70	313
71	303(a)
72	303 note
73	303(a)
101	Rep.
101a	Rep.
102	Rep.
103	Rep.
104	Rep.
105	Rep.
106	210(a), (b)
107	Rep.
108	Rep.
109	Rep.
110	Rep.
111	Rep.
112	Rep.
113	Rep.
114	210(e)
115	308(a)
116	Rep.
117	312
151(a)	104 note
151(b), (c)	104(c), 117(a)–(c), 118(b)
152	204(f), 205(d)
153	206(a), 207(a), 208(a), (b)
154	209(a)
155	203
156	101(b), 103(f), 104(b)(1), 116(d), 119(a), (b), 120(h)
157	103(d)
158(a)	101(b)
158(b)	101 note
158(c)	104(b)(4)
158(d)	104(b)(5)
158(d)	104 note
158(e)	120(c)
158(f), (g)	118(c)
158(h)	115
158(i)	109(b)
158(j)	127
158(k)	307 note
159	107
160	108
161	124
162	123
163	111
164	129(b)–(d)
165	Elim.
166	113
167	101(b), 128(a), (b), 304
168	Elim.
169 (less last proviso)	Rep.
169 (last proviso)	Elim.
170	305
171	306
172	Rep.
173	120 note
174	307 note
175	Elim.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Citation

Pub. L 85–767, § 1, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 885, provided in part that this title may be cited as “Title 23, United States Code, § —”.

Repeals

Pub. L. 85–767, § 2, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 919, repealed the sections or parts of sections of the Revised Statutes or Statutes at Large covering provisions codified in this title.

Construction

Pub. L. 85–767, § 3, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 921, provided that:

“(a)

If any provision of title 23, as enacted by section 1 of this Act or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the title and the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

“(b)

The provisions of this Act shall be subject to Reorganization Plan Numbered 5 of 1950 (64 Stat. 1263) [set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees].”

Savings Provision

Pub. L. 85–767, § 4, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 921, provided that:

“Any rights or liabilities now existing under prior Acts or portions thereof shall not be affected by the repeal of such prior Acts or portions under section 2 of this Act.”

Recodification of Title 23

Pub. L. 104–59, title III, § 357(a), Nov. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 625, provided that:

“The Secretary [of Transportation] shall, by March 31, 1997, prepare and submit to Congress a draft legislative proposal of necessary technical and conforming amendments to title 23, United States Code, and related laws.”

Pub. L. 102–240, title I, § 1066, Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2006, provided that the Secretary of Transportation was to have prepared, by Oct. 1, 1993, a proposed recodification of title 23, United States Code, and related laws for submission to Congress for consideration, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–59, title III, § 357(b), Nov. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 625.