arbitrary and capricious

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The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”), 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq., was originally enacted in 1974 to protect employees’ “justified expectations of receiving benefits that their employers promise them.” Frommert v....

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In 1989, Wanda Glenn's heart suddenly stopped. Glenn v. MetLife, 461 F.3d 660, 663 (6th Cir. 2006). Medical doctors resuscitated her and surgically implanted a defibrillator. Id. In 1994, Glenn began working as a sales manager for...

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Under the Clean Air Act (“CAA”), states are required to submit a plan that provides for the “implementation, maintenance, and enforcement” of ambient air quality standards consistent with those promulgated by the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA...