Mich. Admin. Code R. 299.4432 - Type II landfill operation; leachate and secondary collection system monitoring; leachate treatment, storage, and disposal
Rule 432.
(1) The
owner and operator of a type II landfill shall remove leachate from a disposal
unit as frequently as necessary to ensure that the leachate depth on the liner,
excluding the sump, is not more than 1 foot, except after a significant storm
event. The leachate depth on the liner shall not be more than 1 foot for more
than 7 days after a significant storm event. A significant storm event is a
storm that generates 0.1 inches or more of rainfall in 24 hours.
(2) The owner and operator shall monitor the
leachate collection system and record all of the following:
(a) Leachate depths on a schedule that
assures compliance with this subrule.
(b) The monthly volume of leachate pumped
from all units.
(c) The quality of
leachate generated from the landfill by sampling and analyzing for both of the
following:
(i) The primary inorganic
indicators listed in R 299.4450 and primary volatile organics listed in R
299.4453 on a quarterly basis during the active life and on an annual basis
during the postclosure period.
(ii)
Other constituents listed in R 299.4451, R 299.4452, and R 299.4454 on an
annual basis during the active life and postclosure period.
(3) The owner and
operator of a sanitary landfill that contains a secondary collection system
shall do all of the following:
(a) Remove
pumpable liquids in the secondary collection system sumps on a frequency that
is sufficient to minimize the head on the bottom liner.
(b) During the active life, do both of the
following:
(i) Record in the operating record
the amount of liquid removed from each system sump at least weekly.
(ii) Calculate and record in the operating
record the average daily flow rate, monthly.
(c) During the postclosure period, do both of
the following:
(i) Record in the operating
record the amount of liquids removed from each secondary collection system
sump, at least monthly. If the liquid level in the sump stays below the pump
operating level for 2 consecutive months, the amount of liquids in the sumps
may be recorded quarterly. If the liquid level in the sump stays below the pump
operating level for 2 consecutive quarters, the amounts of liquids in the sumps
may be recorded semiannually. If at any time during the postclosure care period
the pump operating level is exceeded at units on quarterly or semiannual
recording schedules, the owner or operator shall return to the monthly
recording of amounts of liquids removed from each sump until the liquid level
again stays below the pump operating level for 2 consecutive months.
(ii) Calculate and record in the operating
record the average daily flow rate, monthly, unless the owner and operator are
on a reduced frequency for recording flow under subparagraph (i) of this
paragraph. An owner and operator who qualify for recording flow on a reduced
frequency are exempt from calculating an average daily flow rate.
(d) If the average daily flow rate
removed from the sump of a secondary collection system during any month
averages more than the action flow rates specified in subrule (4) of this rule,
do one of the following within 30 days of the end of the month in which the
exceedance occurred:
(i) Initiate a liquids
management plan to reduce the flow in the secondary collection system and the
potential impact of this flow and place this plan in the operating record, and
for unmonitorable units, comply with the leak detection requirements of R
299.4437. A liquids management plan may provide for increasing the frequency or
rate of leachate removal, the suspension of leachate reintroduction, the
application of interim cover to reduce leachate generation, or other actions
which are appropriate to reduce the flow rate in the secondary collection
system. The owner and operator may discontinue actions under a liquids
management plan if the average daily flow rate in a subsequent month no longer
exceeds the action flow rate which initiated the action.
(ii) Demonstrate to the director that the
flow in the secondary collection system is due to construction or consolidation
water from the primary liner and not by excessive leakage from the landfill
cell. The demonstration shall be certified by a registered professional
engineer. In the event the director denies this demonstration, the owner and
operator shall initiate a liquids management plan within 30 days of the
denial.
(iii) For monitorable units
which have a natural soil barrier or equivalent geologic protection below the
secondary collection system which meets the criteria of R 299.4422(2), continue
to remove pumpable liquids on a frequency which minimizes the head on the
bottom liner. Landfill cells which meet this criteria are exempt from the
liquids management plan requirements of this paragraph.
(4) In order to evaluate the
performance of a secondary collection system, the director shall establish an
action flow rate for each landfill cell containing such a system in the
operating license. For purposes of this rule and R 299.4437, a "landfill cell"
means a portion of a landfill unit which contains a separate secondary
collection system and sump. The action flow rate shall be equal to the
following:
(a) A value of 5 gallons per acre
per day, for unmonitorable units with less than 2 feet of compacted clay in the
primary liner.
(b) A value of 25
gallons per acre per day, for monitorable units with less than 2 feet of clay
in the primary liner.
(c) A value
of 50 gallons per acre per day, for unmonitorable units with at least 2 feet of
compacted clay in the primary liner.
(d) A value of 200 gallons per acre per day,
for monitorable units with at least 2 feet of compacted clay in the primary
liner.
(5) The owner and
operator of a type II landfill shall inspect all leachate collection pipes on a
schedule that assures the proper operation of the leachate collection system.
All pipes shall be cleaned or flushed as necessary to assure proper
operation.
(6) The owner and
operator of a type II landfill shall ensure that all leachate that is generated
by the landfill is disposed of in compliance with part 31 of the act. To do so,
the owner and operator shall provide for 1 of the following:
(a) On-site treatment and discharge by a
facility that is permitted under part 31 of the act or is otherwise approved by
the director.
(b) Discharge, by
sewer or pipeline, to an off-site publicly owned treatment works or other
facility that is permitted under part 31 of the act or is otherwise approved by
the director.
(c) Discharge, by
pump and haul, to an off-site publicly owned treatment works or other facility
that is permitted under part 31 of the act or is otherwise approved by the
director.
(7) The owner
and operator of a type II landfill that discharges to an off-site publicly
owned treatment works or other facility that is permitted under part 31 of the
act shall do all of the following:
(a) Secure
written permission to discharge to the facility before discharge.
(b) Meet any applicable pretreatment
requirements.
(c) If the discharge
is by pump and haul, provide, for hauling a volume necessary to comply with
subrule (1) of this rule.
(8) The owner and operator may recirculate
leachate, liquid from the secondary collection system, or gas condensate back
to a disposal unit if the director approves a plan for the recirculation in an
operating license.
Notes
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