Mich. Admin. Code R. 299.4907 - Landfill groundwater monitoring; sampling and analysis requirements
Rule 907.
(1) The
groundwater-monitoring program for a landfill shall include consistent sampling
and analysis procedures that are designed to ensure monitoring results that
provide an accurate representation of groundwater quality at the background and
downgradient wells that are installed in compliance with R 299.4906. The owner
or operator shall notify the director that the sampling and analysis program
documentation has been placed in the operating record and that the program
shall include procedures and techniques for all of the following:
(a) Sample collection.
(b) Sample preservation and
shipment.
(c) Analytical
procedures.
(d) Chain of custody
control.
(e) Quality assurance and
quality control.
(2) The
groundwater-monitoring program shall include sampling and analytical methods
that are appropriate for groundwater sampling and that accurately measure
hazardous constituents and other monitoring parameters in groundwater samples.
Groundwater samples for metals shall be field-filtered before laboratory
analysis, unless filtered samples alone will not accurately measure the
concentration of metals in the given geologic setting, such as in permeable
soils and karst terrains.
(3) The
sampling procedures and frequency shall be protective of human health and the
environment.
(4) Analytical methods
that are used for groundwater monitoring samples shall be those specified in R
299.4450 to R 299.4454 and shall achieve practical quantitation limits approved
by the director.
(5) Groundwater
elevations shall be measured in each well immediately before purging each time
groundwater is sampled. The owner or operator shall determine the rate and
direction of groundwater flow each time groundwater is sampled. Groundwater
elevations in wells that monitor the same disposal area shall be measured
within a period of time that is short enough to avoid temporal variations in
groundwater flow which could preclude an accurate determination of groundwater
flow rate and direction.
(6)
Groundwater elevations shall be determined by methods that are precise to 1/8
of an inch or 0.01 feet, as measured from the top of the well casing.The top of
the well casing shall be related to a permanent reference point using United
States geological survey datum.
(7)
The owner and operator shall establish background groundwater quality in a
hydraulically upgradient or background well or wells for each of the monitoring
parameters or constituents that are required in the particular
groundwater-monitoring program which applies to the unit, as determined under
this part. Background groundwater quality may be established at wells that are
not located hydraulically upgradient from the unit if the well meets the
requirements of R 299.4906(1)(a).
(8) The number of samples that are collected
to establish groundwater quality data shall be consistent with the appropriate
statistical procedures that are determined under R 299.4908. For type II
landfills, the sampling procedures shall be those specified in R 299.4440 for
detection monitoring, R 299.4441 for assessment monitoring, and R 299.4444 for
remedial action.
(9) All samples
that are obtained shall be representative of the site's groundwater quality. To
ensure a representative sample, before a sample for collection and analysis is
obtained, each well shall be purged until dry or until not less than 3 times
the amount of water in the well casing has been removed. Groundwater monitoring
wells shall be sampled immediately after purging where recovery rates allow.
Where detection monitoring wells are pumped dry during purging, samples shall
be taken within 24 hours.
(10) If
nondedicated pumps or mobile sampling equipment is used, the owner or operator
shall use the following procedures to minimize the potential for the
cross-contamination of samples:
(a) All
groundwater-monitoring wells shall be sampled from upgradient to downgradient,
except that monitoring wells that are located in areas of known groundwater
contamination shall be sampled in order, from the least contaminated well to
the most contaminated well.
(b)
Each piece of equipment shall be thoroughly cleaned and rinsed with distilled
water before use in each monitoring or detection well.
(c) Other procedures that are approved by the
department.
(11) The
owner and operator of a landfill shall submit all monitoring results to the
director or his or her designee not later than 30 days after the end of the
calendar quarter. The data must be submitted in a form and format specified by
the department.
(12) The owner and
operator of a landfill shall sample and analyze groundwater in accordance with
the publication entitled "Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical-Chemical Methods," EPA publication SW-846, 3rd edition, which is
adopted by reference in R 299.4133, the publication entitled "Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 19th edition," which is adopted by
reference in R 299.4139, or by other methods approved by the director or his or
her designee.
Notes
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