(A) A waste pile (except for an existing
portion of a waste pile) must have:
(1) A
liner that is designed, constructed, and installed to prevent any migration of
wastes out of the pile into the adjacent subsurface soil or ground water or
surface water at any time during the active life (including the closure period)
of the waste pile. The liner may be constructed of materials that may allow
waste to migrate into the liner itself (but not into the adjacent subsurface
soil or ground water or surface water) during the active life of the facility.
The liner must be:
(a) Constructed of
materials that have appropriate chemical properties and sufficient strength and
thickness to prevent failure due to pressure gradients (including static head
and external hydrogeologic forces), physical contact with the waste or leachate
to which they are exposed, climate conditions, the stress of installation, and
the stress of daily operation; and
(b) Placed upon a foundation or base capable
of providing support to the liner and resistance to pressure gradients above
and below the liner to prevent failure of the liner due to settlement,
compression, or uplift; and
(c)
Installed to cover all surrounding earth likely to be in contact with the waste
or leachate; and
(2) A
leachate collection and removal system immediately above the liner that is
designed, constructed, maintained, and operated to collect and remove leachate
from the pile. The permit will contain and specify design and operating
conditions to ensure that the leachate depth over the liner does not exceed
thirty centimeters (one foot). The leachate collection and removal system must
be:
(a) Constructed of materials that are:
(i) Chemically resistant to the waste managed
in the pile and the leachate expected to be generated; and
(ii) Of sufficient strength and thickness to
prevent collapse under the pressures exerted by overlaying wastes, waste cover
materials, and by any equipment used at the pile and
(b) Designed and operated to function without
clogging through the scheduled closure of the waste pile.
(B) The owner or operator will be
exempted from the requirements of paragraph (A) of this rule if the director
finds, based on a demonstration by the owner or operator, that alternate design
and operating practices, together with location characteristics, will prevent
the migration of any hazardous constituents (see rule
3745-54-93
of the Administrative Code) into the ground water or surface water at any
future time. In deciding whether to grant an exemption, the director will
consider:
(1) The nature and quantity of the
wastes; and
(2) The proposed
alternate design and operation; and
(3) The hydrogeologic setting of the
facility, including attenuative capacity and thickness of the liners and soils
present between the pile and ground water or surface water; and
(4) All other factors which would influence
the quality and mobility of the leachate produced and the potential for it to
migrate to ground water or surface water.
(C) The owner or operator of each new waste
pile unit
on which construction commences after
January 29, 1992, each lateral expansion of a waste pile unit
on which construction commences after July 29,
1992, and each replacement of an existing waste pile unit
that is to commence reuse after July 29,
1992 must install two or more liners and a leachate collection and
removal system above and between such liners.
"Construction commences" is as defined in rule
3745-50-10oftheAdministrativeCodeunder"existing facility".
(1)
(a) The
liner system must include:
(i) A top liner
designed and constructed of materials (e.g., a geomembrane) to prevent the
migration of hazardous constituents into such liner during the active life and
post-closure care period; and
(ii)
A composite bottom liner, consisting of at least two components. The upper
component must be designed and constructed of materials (e.g., a geomembrane)
to prevent the migration of hazardous constituents into this component during
the active life and post-closure care period. The lower component must be
designed and constructed of materials to minimize the migration of hazardous
constituents if a breach in the upper component were to occur. The lower
component must be constructed of at least three feet ( 91.0 centimeters) of
compacted soil material with a hydraulic conductivity of no more than 1 x 10-7
centimeters per second.
(b) The liners must comply with paragraphs
(A)(1)(a), (A)(1)(b), and (A)(1)(c) of this rule.
(2) The leachate collection and removal
system immediately above the top liner must be designed, constructed, operated,
and maintained to collect and remove leachate from the waste pile during the
active life and post-closure care period. The permit will specify design and
operating conditions to ensure that the leachate depth over the liner does not
exceed thirty centimeters (one foot). The leachate collection and removal
system must comply with paragraphs (C)(3)(c) and (C)(3)(d) of this rule.
(3) The leachate collection and
removal system between the liners, and immediately above the bottom composite
liner in the case of multiple leachate collection and removal systems, is also
a leak detection system. This leak detection system must be capable of
detecting, collecting, and removing leaks of hazardous constituents at the
earliest practicable time through all areas of the top liner likely to be
exposed to waste or leachate during the active life and post-closure care
period. The requirements for a leak detection system in this paragraph are
satisfied by installation of a system that is, at a minimum:
(a) Constructed with a bottom slope of one
per cent or more;
(b) Constructed
of granular drainage materials with a hydraulic conductivity of 1 x 10-2
centimeters per second or more and a thickness of twelve inches ( 30.5
centimeters) or more; or constructed of synthetic or geonet drainage materials
with a transmissivity of 3 x 10-5 meters squared per second or more:
(c) Constructed of materials that are
chemically resistant to the waste managed in the waste pile and the leachate
expected to be generated, and of sufficient strength and thickness to prevent
collapse under the pressures exerted by overlying wastes, waste cover
materials, and equipment used at the waste pile;
(d) Designed and operated to minimize
clogging during the active life and post-closure care period; and
(e) Constructed with sumps and liquid removal
methods (e.g., pumps) of sufficient size to collect and remove liquids from the
sump and prevent liquids from backing up into the drainage layer. Each unit
must have its own sump(s). The design of each sump and removal system must
provide a method for measuring and recording the volume of liquids present in
the sump and of liquids removed.
(4) The owner or operator must collect and
remove pumpable liquids in the leak detection system sumps to minimize the head
on the bottom liner.
(5) The owner
or operator of a leak detection system that is not located completely above the
seasonal high water table must demonstrate that the operation of the leak
detection system will not be adversely affected by the presence of ground
water.
(D) The director
may approve alternative design or operating practices to those specified in
paragraph (C) of this rule if the owner or operator demonstrates to the
director that such design and operating practices, together with location
characteristics:
(1) Will prevent the
migration of any hazardous constituent into the ground water or surface water
at least as effectively as the liners and leachate collection and removal
systems specified in paragraph (C) of this rule; and
(2) Will allow detection of leaks of
hazardous constituents through the top liner at least as effectively.
(E) Paragraph (C) of
this rule does not apply to monofills that are granted a waiver by the director
in accordance with paragraph (E) of rule
3745-56-21
of the Administrative Code.
(F) The
owner or operator of any replacement waste pile unit is exempt from paragraph
(C) of this rule if:
(1) The existing unit
was constructed in compliance with the design standards of
sections
Sections
3004(o)(1)(A)(i) and 3004(o)(5) of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act
RCRA; and
(2) There is no reason to believe that the
liner is not functioning as designed.
(G) The owner or operator must design,
construct, operate, and maintain a run-on control system capable of preventing
flow onto the active portion of the pile during peak discharge from at least a
twenty-five-year storm.
(H) The
owner or operator must design, construct, operate, and maintain a run-off
management system to collect and control at least the water volume resulting
from a twenty-four-hour, twenty-five-year storm.
(I) Collection and holding facilities (e.g.,
tanks or basins) associated with run-on and run-off control systems must be
emptied or otherwise managed expeditiously after storms to maintain design
capacity of the system.
(J) If the
pile contains any particulate matter which may be subject to wind dispersal,
the owner or operator must cover or otherwise manage the pile to control wind
dispersal.
(K) The permit will
contain and specify all design and operating practices that are necessary to
ensure that the requirements of this rule are satisfied.
[Comment: For dates of
non-regulatory government publications, publications of recognized
organizations and associations, federal rules, and federal statutory provisions
referenced in this rule, see rule
3745-50-11oftheAdministrativeCodetitled"Incorporated by reference."]
[Comment: For dates of non-regulatory
government publications, publications of recognized organizations and
associations, federal rules, and federal statutory provisions referenced in
this rule, see rule
3745-50-11
of the Administrative Code titled"Incorporated by reference."]