055-3 Wyo. Code R. § 3-23 - Blowout Preventers | State Regulations | US Law

(i) General Rules.

(A) The required working pressure rating of all blowout preventers and related equipment shall be based on known or anticipated subsurface pressure, geologic conditions, or accepted engineering practices, and shall equal or exceed the maximum anticipated pressure to be contained at the surface. In the absence of better data, the maximum anticipated surface pressure shall be determined by using a normal pressure gradient of 0.22 psi per foot and assuming a partially evacuated hole. A schematic diagram of the BOP and wellhead assembly shall be submitted to the Supervisor with the Application for Permit to Drill (APD; Form 1). The schematic diagram should indicate the minimum size and pressure rating of all components of the wellhead and blowout preventer assembly.

(B) The Supervisor, on a site specific basis, may require the use of blowout preventers or other methods of controlling shallow coalbed methane wells, at which time all current BOP rules shall be applicable.

(C) All blowout preventers, choke lines, and choke manifolds shall be installed above ground level. Casing heads and optional spools may be installed below ground level provided they are visible and accessible.

(D) Blowout preventer equipment and related casing heads and spools shall have a vertical bore no smaller than the inside diameter of the casing to which they are attached.

(E) Pressure tests on blowout preventers and related equipment shall be tested as outlined in this section, at least:

(I) Prior to spud or upon installation;

(II) After the disconnection or repair of any pressure containing seal in the BOP stack, choke and kill lines, or choke manifold, but limited to the affected component; and,

(III) Every 30 days after initial installation, or as determined by the Supervisor.

(F) The Supervisor may require an affidavit covering the initial pressure tests after installation signed by the Owner/Operator or contractor attesting to the satisfactory pressure tests. The Supervisor is to be advised at least twenty-four (24) hours in advance of all tests.

(G) Blowout prevention equipment used when reasonable expectations of encountering hydrogen sulfide or sour gas formations that could potentially result in the partial pressure of the hydrogen sulfide or sour gas exceeding 0.05 psia (00034 MPa) in the gas phase at the maximum anticipated pressure, shall be suitable for use in such areas.

(H) All ram BOPs shall be equipped with hydraulic locking devices or manual locking devices with hand wheels extending outside of the rig's substructure.

(I) Blowout prevention equipment installed on the well shall have a rated working pressure equal to, or higher than, the working pressure specified in the approved APD.

(J) In addition to the minimum BOP requirements outlined in this section, wells drilled while using tapered drill strings shall require either a variable bore pipe ram preventer or additional ram type blowout preventers to provide a minimum of one set of pipe rams for each size of drill pipe in use, and one set of blind rams.

(ii) Minimum requirements for 2,000 psi system:

(A) BOP equipment shall consist of at least one double-gate preventer with pipe and blind rams or two single-ram type preventers; one equipped with pipe rams, and the other with blind rams. Ram preventers or a drilling spool must have side outlets with a minimum inside diameter of two inches to accommodate choke and kill lines. Outlets on the casing head may not be used to attach choke or kill lines. One annular BOP may be substituted for ram type BOPs, providing the annular BOP is pressure tested in the CSO (complete shut off) configuration.

(B) Additional BOP equipment shall include one upper kelly cock, and one drill pipe safety valve with subs to fit all drill string connections in use.

(C) Choke manifold and related equipment shall consist of one kill line valve, one choke line valve, choke line, two manual adjustable chokes each with one valve located upstream of the choke, one bleed line valve and one mud service pressure gauge with a valve upstream of the gauge. The arrangement of the valves shall be a functional equivalent of the arrangement outlined in Appendix G, Figure 3-1 or 3-1A, of these rules.

(D) All choke manifold valves, choke and kill line valves and the choke line shall be full bore. Choke line valves, choke line and bleed line valves shall have an inside diameter equal to or greater than the minimum requirement for the BOP or drilling spool outlet.

(E) The choke line should be as straight as possible, and any required turns shall be made with flow targets at bends and on block tees. Choke hoses with flanged connections designed for that purpose will be accepted in lieu of a steel choke line.

(F) The accumulator shall have sufficient capacity to operate the BOP equipment as outlined in this section, and have one independently powered pump system. BOP controls may be located at the accumulator or on the rig floor.

(iii) Minimum requirements for 3,000 psi system:

(A) BOP equipment shall consist of at least one annular BOP and one double-gate preventer with pipe and blind rams or two single-ram type preventers; one equipped with pipe rams and the other with blind rams. Ram preventers or a drilling spool must have side outlets with a minimum inside diameter of two inches on the kill side, and three inches on the choke side to accommodate choke and kill lines. Outlets on the casing head may not be used to attach choke or kill lines.

(B) Additional BOP equipment shall include one upper kelly cock, and one drill pipe safety valve with subs to fit all drill string connections in use.

(C) Choke manifold and related equipment shall consist of one kill line valve, one check valve, two choke line valves, choke line, two manual adjustable chokes each with one valve located upstream of the choke, one bleed line valve and one mud service pressure gauge with a valve upstream of the gauge. The arrangement of the valves shall be a functional equivalent of the arrangement outlined in Appendix G, Figure 3-2, of these rules.

(D) All choke manifold valves, choke and kill line valves and the choke line shall be full bore. Choke line valves, choke line and bleed line valves shall have an inside diameter equal to or greater than the minimum requirement for the BOP or drilling spool outlet.

(E) The choke line should be as straight as possible, and any required turns shall be made with flow targets at all bends and on block tees. All connections exposed to well bore pressure shall be welded, flanged or clamped. Choke hoses with flanged connections designed for that purpose will be accepted in lieu of a steel choke line.

(F) The accumulator shall have sufficient capacity to operate the BOP equipment as outlined in this section, and have two independently powered pump systems connected to start automatically after a 200 psi drop in accumulator pressure, or one independently powered pump system connected to start automatically after a 200 psi drop in accumulator pressure and an emergency nitrogen back-up system connected to the accumulator manifold. BOP controls may be located at the accumulator or on the rig floor.

(iv) Minimum requirements for 5,000 psi system:

(A) BOP equipment shall consist of at least one annular BOP and one double-gate preventer with pipe and blind rams or two single-ram type preventers; one equipped with pipe rams and the other with blind rams. Ram preventers or a drilling spool must have side outlets with a minimum inside diameter of two inches on the kill side, and three inches on the choke side to accommodate choke and kill lines. Outlets on the casing head may not be used to attach choke or kill lines.

(B) Additional BOP equipment shall include one upper kelly cock, lower kelly cock, one drill pipe safety valve and one inside BOP with subs to fit all drill string connections in use.

(C) Choke manifold and related equipment shall consist of two kill line valves, one check valve, one choke line valve, one remote controlled choke line valve, choke line, one manual adjustable choke and one remote controlled adjustable choke each with two valves located upstream of the choke, two bleed line valves and one mud service pressure gauge with a valve upstream of the gauge. The arrangement of the valves shall be a functional equivalent of the arrangement outlined in Appendix G, Figure 3-3, of these rules.

(D) All choke manifold valves, choke and kill line valves and the choke line shall be full bore. Choke line valves, choke line and bleed line valves shall have an inside diameter equal to or greater than the minimum requirement for the BOP or drilling spool outlet.

(E) The choke line should be as straight as possible, and any required turns shall be made with flow targets at all bends and on block tees. All connections exposed to well bore pressure shall be welded, flanged or clamped. Choke hoses with flanged connections designed for that purpose will be accepted in lieu of a steel choke line.

(F) The accumulator shall have sufficient capacity to operate the BOP equipment as outlined in this section, and have two independently powered pump systems connected to start automatically after a 200 psi drop in accumulator pressure, plus an emergency nitrogen back-up system connected to the accumulator manifold. BOP controls shall be located on the accumulator with additional remote controls located on the rig floor.

(v) Minimum requirements for 10,000-15,000-20,000 psi systems:

(A) BOP equipment shall consist of at least one annular BOP and one double-gate preventer with pipe and blind rams or two single-ram type preventers; one equipped with pipe rams and the other with blind rams located above a drilling spool. One drilling spool with side outlets with a minimum inside diameter of two inches on the kill side, and three inches on the choke side. One ram-type preventer with pipe rams, located below the drilling spool. Outlets on the casing head may not be used to attach choke or kill lines.

(B) Additional BOP equipment shall include an upper kelly cock, lower kelly cock, one drill pipe safety valve and one inside BOP with subs to fit all drill string connections in use.

(C) Choke manifold and related equipment shall consist of two kill line valves, one check valve, one choke line valve, one remote controlled choke line valve, choke line, two manual adjustable chokes and one remote controlled adjustable choke each with two valves located upstream of the choke, two bleed line valves and one mud service pressure gauge with a valve upstream of the gauge. The arrangement of the valves shall be a functional equivalent of the arrangement outlined in Appendix G, Figure 3-4, of these rules.

(D) All choke manifold valves, choke and kill line valves and the choke line shall be full bore. Choke line valves, choke line and bleed line valves shall have an inside diameter equal to or greater than the minimum requirement for the BOP or drilling spool outlet.

(E) The choke line shall be a steel line and be as straight as possible, and any required turns shall be made with flow targets at all bends and on block tees. All connections exposed to well bore pressure shall be welded, flanged, or clamped.

(F) The accumulator shall have sufficient capacity to operate the BOP equipment as outlined in this section, and have two independently powered pump systems connected to start automatically after a 200 psi drop in accumulator pressure, plus an emergency nitrogen back-up system connected to the accumulator manifold. BOP controls shall be located on the accumulator with additional remote controls located on the rig floor.

(vi) Minimum requirements for diverter systems:

(A) The diverter system shall consist of a low-pressure diverter or an annular blowout preventer with large diameter vent lines installed below the diverter and extending to a flare pit a safe distance from the well.

(B) The valves on the vent lines shall be full bore and full opening, and be hydraulically controlled in a manner to insure that at least one vent line valve is opened before the diverter packer closes.

(C) The diverter and all valves shall be function tested when installed and at appropriate times during the operation.

(vii) Minimum requirements for BOP equipment testing:

(A) All blowout preventers and related equipment that may be exposed to well pressure shall be tested first to a low pressure and then to a high pressure.

(I) A stable low of 200-300 psi shall be maintained for at least five (5) minutes prior to initiating the high-pressure test.

(II) When performing the low-pressure test, it is not acceptable to apply a higher pressure and bleed down to the low-test pressure. The higher pressure could initiate a seal that may continue to seal after the pressure is lowered and therefore misrepresent a low-pressure condition.

(III) The high-pressure test shall be to the rated working pressure of the ram type BOPs and related equipment, or to the rated working pressure of the wellhead on which the stack is installed, whichever is lower. A stable high-pressure test shall be maintained for ten (10) minutes.

(IV) Annular BOP shall be high pressure tested to fifty percent (50%) of the rated working pressure, and maintain a stable pressure for ten (10) minutes.

(V) Manual adjustable chokes not designed for complete shut off (CSO) shall be pressure tested only to the extent of determining the integrity of the internal seating components to maintain back pressure. Hydraulic chokes designed for CSO shall be pressure tested to fifty percent (50%) of the rated working pressure.

(B) All casing below the conductor pipe shall be pressure tested to 0.22 psi per foot or one thousand five hundred (1,500) psi, whichever is greater, but not to exceed seventy percent (70%) of the minimum internal yield strength of the casing. A stable pressure shall be maintained for thirty (30) minutes.

(C) During BOP pressure testing the casing shall be isolated with a test plug set in the wellhead, and the appropriate valve opened below the test plug to detect any leakage that may occur due to failure of the test plug.

(D) The choke and kill line valves, choke manifold valves, upper and lower kelly cocks, drill pipe safety valves and inside BOP shall be tested with pressure applied from the wellbore side. All valves, including check valves, located downstream of the valve being pressure tested, will be in the open position.

(E) All manually operated valves and chokes on the BOP stack, choke and kill lines, or choke manifold shall be equipped with a handle provided by the manufacturer, or a functionally equivalent fabricated handle, and be lubricated and maintained to permit operation of the valves without the use of additional wrenches or levers.

(F) Operators may install BOP equipment of a higher pressure rating than that specified in the approved APD. In that event the BOP equipment shall be pressure tested at the working pressure specified in the approved APD.

(G) All operational components of the BOP equipment shall be functioned at least once a week to verify the components' intended operations.

(H) The results of all BOP equipment pressure tests and function tests shall be recorded on the tour sheet and shall include the type of test, testing sequence, low and high pressures, duration of each test, and results of each test.

(viii) Minimum requirements for accumulator system testing:

(A) The precharge pressure on each accumulator bottle shall be checked prior to each BOP pressure test, and adjusted if necessary. The minimum precharge pressure for a 3,000-psi working pressure accumulator unit should be one thousand (1,000) psi. The minimum precharge pressure for a 2,000-psi working pressure accumulator unit should be one thousand (1,000) psi. The minimum precharge pressure for a 1,500-psi working pressure accumulator unit should be seven hundred fifty (750) psi. Only nitrogen gas shall be used for accumulator precharge. The precharge should be adjusted to within one hundred (100) psi of the selected pressure.

(B) Accumulator response time is the elapsed time between activation and the complete operation of a function. The accumulator system shall be capable of closing each ram BOP within thirty (30) seconds. Closing time shall not exceed thirty (30) seconds for annular BOPs smaller than eighteen and three-quarter inches (183/4") nominal bore, and forty-five (45) seconds for annular BOPs of eighteen and three-quarter inches (18-3/4") nominal bore and larger, when closed on the smallest diameter drill string component in use.

(C) BOP accumulator systems shall have sufficient usable hydraulic fluid volume (with pumps inoperative) to close one annular BOP, two ram BOPs from a full open position, open one hydraulic valve against zero wellbore pressure, and retain two hundred (200) psi or more above the minimum recommended precharge pressure.

(D) The accumulator pump system shall have sufficient quantity and sizes of pumps to satisfactorily perform the following: with the accumulator bottles isolated from service, the accumulator pump system shall be capable of closing the annular BOP on the minimum size drill pipe being used, or one ram-type BOP if the stack does not include an annular BOP, and open the hydraulic choke line valve within two (2) minutes.

055-3 Wyo. Code R. § 3-23 - Blowout Preventers

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