10 U.S. Code § 2031 - Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps
2022—Subsecs. (f) to (h). Pub. L. 117–263 added subsec. (f) and redesignated former subsecs. (f) and (g) as (g) and (h), respectively.
2021—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 116–283 inserted “(including an introduction to service opportunities in military, national, and public service)” after “service to the United States”.
2019—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 116–92, § 511, substituted “above the 7th grade and physically co-located with the 9th grade participating unit” for “above the 8th grade” in two places.
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 116–92, § 512(a), inserted “and which may include instruction or activities in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics” after “duration”.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 116–92, § 513, added subsec. (g).
2008—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110–181 added subsec. (f).
2006—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–364, § 540(b), inserted “who are in receipt of retired pay” after “retired officers and noncommissioned officers” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–364, § 540(a), added subsec. (e).
2001—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 107–107 struck out after first sentence “The total number of units which may be established and maintained by all of the military departments under authority of this section, including those units already established on October 13, 1964, may not exceed 3,500.”
1993—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–160 substituted “The” for “Not more than 200 units may be established by all of the military departments each year, and the” in second sentence.
1992—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–484, § 533(a), (b), designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted “3,500” for “1,600”, and added par. (2).
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 102–484, § 533(c), substituted “in a grade above the 8th grade” for “at least 14 years of age” in two places and inserted “, or aliens lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence,” after “of the United States”.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 102–484, § 533(d), inserted before semicolon “and, to the extent considered appropriate by the Secretary concerned, such additional resources (including transportation and billeting) as may be available to support activities of the program”.
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 102–484, § 533(e)(1), amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “Retired members so employed are entitled to receive their retired or retainer pay and an additional amount of not more than the difference between their retired pay and the active duty pay and allowances which they would receive if ordered to active duty, and one-half of that additional amount shall be paid to the institution concerned by the Secretary of the military department concerned from funds appropriated for that purpose.”
1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–26 struck out “beginning with the calendar year 1966” after “each year” in second sentence.
1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–525, § 1405(32), substituted “October 13, 1964” for “the date of enactment of this section”.
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 98–525, § 422(1), substituted “the number of physically fit students in such unit who are at least 14 years of age and are citizens or nationals of the United States is not less than (A) 10 percent of the number of students enrolled in the institution who are at least 14 years of age, or (B) 100, whichever is less” for “the unit contains at least 100 physically fit students who are at least 14 years of age and are citizens or nationals of the United States”.
Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 98–525, § 422(2)–(4), added par. (5).
1978—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 95–358 inserted “or nationals” after “citizens”.
1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–361 increased total number of units authorized to be established to 1,600 from 1,200 and limited the military institutes to establishment and maintenance of only one unit.
1973—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 93–165 substituted “physically fit students” for “physically fit male students”.
1967—Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 90–83 substituted “officers and noncommissioned officers” for “noncommissioned and commissioned officers” wherever appearing.
1966—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 89–718 capitalized first letter of first word in cls. (1) and (2).
Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title V, § 512(b), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1348, provided that:
Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title V, § 533(e)(2), Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2412, provided that:
Pub. L. 88–647, § 1, Oct. 13, 1964, 78 Stat. 1063, provided:
Pub. L. 88–647, title I, § 102, Oct. 13, 1964, 78 Stat. 1064, directed that regulations implementing subsec. (a) of this section be issued by President and by Secretary of each military department not later than Jan. 1, 1966.
Pub. L. 88–647, title IV, § 402, Oct. 13, 1964, 78 Stat. 1074, provided that:
Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, § 548, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4466, as amended by Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title V, § 553, Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1742; Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title X, § 1072(c), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 995, provided that:
Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title V, § 541, Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2212, provided that:
Pub. L. 96–342, title VI, § 602, Sept. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1087, as amended by Pub. L. 97–86, title VII, § 702(a), Dec. 1, 1981, 95 Stat. 1111; Pub. L. 97–252, title VII, § 702, Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 728; Pub. L. 98–94, title VII, § 702, Sept. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 634, authorized the Secretary of any military department, during the period beginning on Sept. 1, 1980, and ending on Aug. 31, 1984, to maintain a unit of the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps at any public or private secondary educational institution.