U.S. Code: Title 44 - PUBLIC PRINTING AND DOCUMENTS | U.S. Code | US Law

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2017—Pub. L. 115–85, § 2(a)(4), Nov. 21, 2017, 131 Stat. 1275, repealed Pub. L. 113–187, § 9(f)(2). See 2014 Amendment note below.

2014—Pub. L. 113–187, § 9(f)(2), Nov. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 2014, which directed striking out “and by the Administrator of General Services” in item 29, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–85, § 2(a)(4), (b), Nov. 21, 2017, 131 Stat. 1275, effective as if included in Pub. L. 113–187.

2002—Pub. L. 107–347, title I, § 101(b), Dec. 17, 2002, 116 Stat. 2910, added item 36.

1993—Pub. L. 103–40, § 2(b), June 8, 1993, 107 Stat. 113, added item 41.

1990—Pub. L. 101–509, title IV, § 1(d)(2), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1419, added item 27.

1988—Pub. L. 100–504, title II, § 204, Oct. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 2531, added item 39.

1984—Pub. L. 98–497, title I, §§ 102(c)(2), 107(b)(18)(B), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2283, 2290, substituted “National Archives and Records Administration” for “Archival Administration” in item 21, and inserted “the Archivist of the United States and by the” in item 29.

1980—Pub. L. 96–511, § 2(b), Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2825, substituted “Information Policy” for “Reporting Services” in item 35.

1978—Pub. L. 95–591, § 2(b)(1), Nov. 4, 1978, 92 Stat. 2528, added item 22.

Pub. L. 95–378, § 2(b), Sept. 22, 1978, 92 Stat. 723, struck out item 27 “Federal Records Council”.

1974—Pub. L. 93–536, § 2, Dec. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 1735, substituted “National Historical Publications and Records Commission” for “National Historical Publications Commission” in item 25.

Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title 44
Title 44 Former Sections	Title 44 New Sections
1	101
2	102
4	103
5	509
6	510
7	511
8	512
9	513
10	514
11	515
12	516
13	517
14	504
15, 16	Rep.
31	301
32	304
33–35	Rep.
36	508
37, 38	Rep.
39	302
39a	303
40	305
41	306
42	307
43–46	Rep.
47	316
48	Elim.
49	313
50, 51	Rep.
51a	Elim.
52	Elim.
52a	308
53	T. 18 § 442
54–57	Rep.
58	505
59	312
60	Rep.
61	315
62	314
63	309
63a	309
64	311
71	1702
72	1705
72a	1708
73	308, 1702
74	1703
75	1704
76	1710
77	1711
78	1720
79	1707
80	1713
81	1712
81a	1901
81b	1902
81c	1914
82	1905
83	1904
84	1910
84a	1912
85	1903, 1906
85a	1913
86	1909
87	1907
87a	Rep.
88	1908
89	Elim.
90	Rep.
91	1717
91a	1716
92	1119, 1911
93	1721
94	1709
95	1701
96	1722
111	501
111a	502
111b	503
111c	Elim.
112, 113	Rep.
114	1706
115	506, 507
116	501, 1123
117	1103
118	1104
119	1120
120	Elim.
121	1111
131	701
132	702
133	703
134	702
135	705
136	714
137	704
138	715
139	1718
139a	1719
140	716
141	718
142	719
143	738
144	717
145	Elim.
146	734
147	713
148	720
149	721
150	722
151	723
152	724
153	725
154	726
155	727
156	1326
157	730
158	731
159	732
160	735
161	736
162	733
163	908
164	Rep.
165	739
166	740
167	741
168	737
169	Elim.
170	1333
181	901
182	902
182a	903
182b	904
182c	905
183	906
184	Rep.
185	907
186	Rep.
187	909
188	910
189	706
189a	707
190	708
191	709
191a	710
192	711
193	712
194–196	Rep.
196a	728
197	729
211	1101
212 (1st sent.)	1115
212 (2d sent.)	1114
213 (1st par.)	1102
213 (2d par., 1st sent.)	1116
213 (2d par., 2d sent., 1st cl.)	1302
213 (2d par., 2d, 3d sents.)	1308–1310, 1336
213 (3d par.)	1116
213a	1117
214	1107
215	1110
215a	1714
216	1105
217	1715
218	1106
219	1102, 1113
219a	1118
220	1108
221	Rep.
222	1112
223	Rep.
224	1109
225	1121
226	Rep.
227	1122
228, 229	Elim.
230	310
241	1301
242	Rep.
243	1303
244	Rep.
245	1304
246	1307
247	Rep.
248	1306
249	1328
250	1317
251, 252	Rep.
253	1313
254	1314
255, 256	Rep.
257	Elim.
258	1315
259	1316
260	1318
261	1319
262	1320
263	1312
265	1321
266	1322
267	Elim.
268	Rep.
269	1323
270	1324
271	1325
272	1327
273	1329
274	Rep.
275	1331
275a	Rep.
275b	1332
276	Rep.
276a	1333
277	Rep.
278	1334
279	1335
279a	Rep.
280, 280a	Rep.
281, 282	Rep.
283	1337
283a	Rep.
284	1338
285	1339
286, 287	Rep.
288	1340
289	1341
290	1342
291	1343
292	Elim.
293, 294	Rep.
295	1344
296	Rep.
296a	1305
297	1311
298	1330
300–300f	Rep.
300f–1	Rep.
300g, 300h	Rep.
300h–1	Rep.
300i–300k	Rep.
300aa	Rep.
300bb	2301
300cc	2305
300dd	2306
300ee	2307
300ff	2303
300gg	2308
300hh	2302
300ii	2304
300jj	Rep.
301	1502
302	1503
303	1504
304	1501
305	1505
306	1506
307	1507
308	1508
309	1509
310, 310a	Rep.
311	1510
311a	Rep.
312	1511
313, 314	Rep.
321	3701
322	3703
323	Rep.
324	3702
325	3703
326	Rep.
351–365	Rep.
366	3301
367	3302
368	3303
369	3304
370	3305
371	3306
372	3307
373	3308
374	3309
375	3310
376	3311
377	Rep.
378	3312
379	3313
380	3314
391	1506, 2108, 2301, 2501, 2902
392	2903
393(a)	2501
393(b)	2502
393(c)	2503
393(d)	2504
393(e)	2505
393(f)	2504 nt.
393(g)	2506
393(h)	2507
394	2701
395(a)	2904
395(b)	2905
395(c)	2906
395(d)	2907
395(e)	2908
395(f)	2909
396(a)	3101
396(b)	3102
396(c)	3103
396(d)	3104
396(e)	3105
396(f)	3106
396(g)	3107
396a	2910
397(a)	2103
397(b)	2104
397(c)	2105
397(d)	2106
397(e)	2107
397(f)	2108
397(g)	Rep.
397(h)	2109
397(i)	2110
397(j)	2101
398	2111
399	2112
400	2113
401	2901
402	2114
421	3501
422(a)	3503
422(b)	3504
422(c)	3505
422(d)	3506
422(e)	3507
423	3508
424	3509
425	3510
426	3502
427	3511

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

“Government Publishing Office” substituted for “Government Printing Office” in items 3 and 39 on authority of section 1301(b) of Pub. L. 113–235, div. H, title I, Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2537, set out as a note preceding section 301 of this title.

Enacting Clause

Section 1 of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1238, provided in part:

“That the general and permanent laws relating to public printing and documents are revised, codified, and enacted as title 44, United States Code, ‘Public Printing and Documents’, and may be cited as ‘44 U.S.C. § __’ ”.

Legislative Purpose; Inconsistent Provisions

Section 2(a) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, provided that:

“The legislative purpose in enacting section 1 of this Act is to restate, without substantive change, the laws replaced by those sections on the effective date of this Act. Laws effective after January 14, 1968, that are inconsistent with this Act are considered as superseding it to the extent of the inconsistency.”

References to Other Laws

Section 2(b) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, provided that:

“A reference to a law replaced by section 1 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.”

Outstanding Orders, Rules, and Regulations

Section 2(c) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, provided that:

“An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by section 1 of this Act shall continue in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded.”

Savings Provision

Section 2(d) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, provided that:

“An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by section 1 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.”

Legislative Construction

Section 2(e) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1306, provided that:

“An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of its caption or catchline.”

Separability

Section 2(f) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1306, provided that:

“If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision of this Act is held invalid in one or more of its applications, the provision remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the invalid application or applications.”

Repeals

Pub. L. 107–217, § 4, Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1303, repealed title V of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, act June 30, 1949, ch. 288, as added by act Sept. 5, 1950, ch. 849, § 6(d), 64 Stat. 583, which was classified to sections 392 to 401 of title 44 prior to the enactment into positive law of Title 44, Public Printing and Documents, by Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1238. Section 3 of Pub. L. 90–620 repealed various laws and parts of laws, including section 6(d), but not title V.

Section 3 of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1306, repealed the sections or parts thereof of the Revised Statutes or Statutes at Large codified in this title, except with respect to rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun, before October 22, 1968, and except as provided by section 2 of Pub. L. 90–620.