A certificate of incorporation is a legal document/license relating to the establishment of a company or corporation. It serves the purpose of proving that the company or corporation has been formed. It is issued by the state government, or...
business sectors
channels
In the context of transportation; channels are the highways, waterways, and air traffic of the country.
See also: Instrumentalities
[Last updated in July of 2022 by the Wex Definitions Team]
Chapter 12 bankruptcy
In 1986, Congress enacted chapter 12 of the Bankruptcy Code to allow farmer debtors with regular annual income to achieve debt relief. Accordingly, chapter 12 bankruptcy provides relief to debtors who qualify as family farmers and family...
charter
First, a charter can be defined broadly as the highest law of an entity. More specifically:
In corporate law, the articles of incorporation. In public law, the instrument by which a municipality is incorporated (e.g., city charter...CIF
CIF is an abbreviation used for Cost, Insurance and Freight. CIF is an agreement in which the seller's quoted price includes insurance and all other costs up to a designated port of destination. The term is used in the context of maritime...
cigar
For the purposes of taxation and FDA regulation, “cigar” means “any roll of tobacco wrapped in leaf tobacco or in any substance containing tobacco” unless, “because of its appearance, the type of tobacco used in the filler, or its packaging...
civil
In reference to law, “civil” is used primarily as a descriptive term to denote conflicts between private individuals. Where in a civil case two or more individuals or private entities (such as corporations) dispute their rights relative to...
civil case
A civil case is a private, non-criminal lawsuit, usually involving private property rights, including respecting rights stated under the Constitution or under federal or state law. For example, lawsuits involving breach of contract, probate,...
civil code
A civil code is a codification of private law relating to contracts, property, family, and obligations. Commonly, a state that has a civil code generally also has a code of civil procedure. In some states with a civil code, some core fields...
classical theory of insider trading
The classical theory of insider trading is a form of insider trading where a corporate insider—i.e. an employee, director, or officer—commits securities fraud under Rule 10b-5 by trading in securities of their company on the basis of material...