Local governments, those which govern cities, villages, counties, and towns, are established and regulated by state law. Their authority in relation to other units of local government and in relation to state government rests ultimately on...
local governmental law
municipality
A municipality is political unit with a defined territory, corporate status, and usually some powers of autonomous government. For example, municipal codes are often the subject of or provide guidance for disputes regarding Property Law, as...
noise ordinance
A noise ordinance is a municipal law that regulates the nature and level of sound that can be emitted in a given place at a given time. For example, people hosting a social event or a business doing construction work outside of certain times...
ordinance
An ordinance is a law or decree by a municipality, a local law. Usually ordinances forbid or restrict some type of activity. For example, § 4-03 of The Rules of the City for New York City states that, “vehicular traffic facing such signal [a steady...
parade permits
The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of speech and assembly. However, large group assemblies such as a parade, may require a permit from the governing municipality. Parade permits could be granted after...
permit
A permit, sometimes referred to as a license, is an official written statement that someone is allowed to do something. A permit is usually granted by a state or city in return for a fee. For example, a firearms permit or license allows the...
Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States (1935)
Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495, is a Supreme Court case that invalidated a provision of the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) that authorized the President to approve “codes of fair competition” for the poultry...
setback
Setback means the areas, measured from the property line to any structure, within which building is prohibited, but which may include driveway areas or other similar surface improvements. In other words, it is the distance a building must be...
state action antitrust immunity
As explained in Parker v. Brown, 317 U.S. 341 (1943), under the state-action doctrine, state and municipal authorities are immune from federal antitrust lawsuits for actions taken pursuant to a clearly expressed state policy that, when...
street
A street is a road or paved passageway in a town or city, owned and maintained by the municipality for public use. A street usually includes sidewalks, but a private road cannot be a street.
Cases such as this one from...