(a) Relation to Waste Characterization
Component. For the purposes of this Chapter, a solid waste generation study
constitutes the waste characterization component of the SRR Element required by
sections 41003, 41030, 41303 and 41330 of the Public Resources Code.
Each jurisdiction shall prepare an initial solid waste
generation study and all subsequent solid waste generation studies in
accordance with the requirements of this Article. Additional specific
requirements and guidelines for the initial solid waste generation study are
defined in Section
18724 of this
Article.
(b) Regional and
Joint Solid Waste Generation Studies.
Solid waste generation studies may be conducted by an
individual jurisdiction for solid waste generated within that jurisdiction, or
jointly by two or more jurisdictions for the solid waste generated within the
participating jurisdictions.
(c) Solid Waste Generation Data Projections.
All solid waste generation studies shall include a 15-year projection of the
solid waste to be generated within the jurisdiction, and diverted and disposed
by the jurisdiction. The projected time period shall commence from the date of
the local adoption of a SRR Element. The projection is to include the amounts,
waste categories and waste types generated, diverted from disposal, and
disposed, for each year of the 15-year period, under (1) the solid waste
management system conditions and diversion activities existing at the time that
the Solid Waste Generation study is prepared, and under (2) the solid waste
management system conditions expected to be realized after a jurisdiction's
implementation of its SRR Element and its attainment of the statutory diversion
mandates.
(1) Acceptable information sources
which may be used by the jurisdiction to determine and project changes in
population, or in governmental, residential, industrial, and commercial
operations, shall be the following:
(A)
documented population data available from the California Department of
Finance;
(B) documented employment
data available from the California State Employment Development
Department;
(C) documented
industrial and commercial operations data available from the California
Department of Commerce or from the California State Employment Development
Department;
(D) documented data
available in a local jurisdiction's adopted current General Plan;
(E) documented data available from published
reports of local associations of governments and chambers of
commerce;
(F) documented data
available from the U.S. Census Bureau;
(G) documented jurisdiction-specific
demographic, economic, and solid waste data developed and published by a
jurisdiction in the course of the preparation of its solid waste generation
study.
(d)
Annual Report on Solid Waste Generation.
The annual report on the implementation of the SRR Element,
required pursuant to Section 41821 of the Public Resources Code, shall contain
the jurisdiction's analysis of the need to revise its solid waste generation
study, including the need to revise its data on the sources of generation,
diversion and disposal, and its data on categories and types of solid waste
generated, diverted and disposed.
(e) Uses of Solid Waste Generation Data.
Data obtained from a solid waste generation study shall be
used to determine the total quantity of solid waste generated within the
jurisdiction, and diverted and disposed, for purposes of identifying the
quantities and types of materials to be diverted from disposal pursuant to
Sections 41780 and 41781 of the Public Resources Code.
(f) Measuring Solid Waste Quantity. In
determining the aggregate quantity of solid waste generated, each jurisdiction
shall use the following types of measurements: volume or weight. The conversion
factors used to convert volume to weight, or weight to volume, shall be
provided in the solid waste generation study and submitted to the Board in the
SRR Element.
(1) Conversion Factors. The
conversion factors used for measurement of the quantity of solid waste may be
those from published sources and/or those derived from test measurements
developed by a jurisdiction. A solid waste generation study shall cite all
published sources of conversion factors used by a jurisdiction. For conversion
factors derived from test measurements developed by a jurisdiction, a
jurisdiction shall include in the solid waste generation study, a summary of
the test measurement methods used. Conversion factors submitted by a
jurisdiction are subject to approval by the Board at the time of the Board's
consideration of approval of a jurisdiction's submitted SRR Element.
(A) By January 1, 1992, the Board shall
complete a study and compile a list of acceptable conversion factors for each
specific waste type listed in (j) of this section.
(2) Generation. For solid wastes sampled or
estimated to be produced at the sources of generation, e.g., residential units
and commercial units, or at solid waste transfer stations, the quantity of
solid wastes generated shall be reported in weight. Data collected in terms of
volume shall be converted to weight.
(3) Diversion. For solid wastes which are
diverted from transformation and disposal facilities, and which are sampled by
means of a quantitative field analysis at recycling, composting and solid waste
reduction facilities, the quantities of solid wastes which are diverted by
means of recycling, composting or source reduction shall be reported in weight.
Data collected in terms of volume shall be converted to weight.
For solid wastes which are diverted from transformation and
disposal facilities, and which are not sampled by means of a quantitative field
analysis but which are estimated from existing records to be diverted from
transformation or disposal facilities, the quantities of solid waste which are
diverted by means of recycling, composting or source reduction shall be
reported in weight. Data collected in terms of volume shall be converted to
weight.
(4) Transformation
and Disposal. For solid wastes sampled or estimated to be received at solid
waste transformation facilities and solid waste disposal sites, the quantity of
solid wastes disposed shall be reported in both volume and weight. For solid
wastes disposed in permitted solid waste landfills the volume measurement shall
be expressed in terms of in-place volume in the landfill, after compaction, as
measured in a waste cell in the upper lift of a waste management unit excluding
the volume of cover material in the cell. For the purposes of this section,
cell is defined in Section
17225.9, of
title 14 of the
California Code of Regulations. For the purposes of this section, waste
management unit is defined in Public Resources Code section 43000(a).
(A) When solid waste volumes are recorded as
uncompacted solid wastes or solid wastes compacted in refuse vehicles or solid
waste transfer trailers, a jurisdiction shall state the conversion factors used
to convert these volumes to in-place volumes in the landfill. A solid waste
generation study shall cite all published sources of conversion factors for
solid waste volumes used by a jurisdiction.
(5) Mixed Loads. If a refuse collection
vehicle chosen for sampling has a mixed load of solid waste that is collected
from more than one source of generation, or from more than one jurisdiction, a
weight or volume fraction (i.e., the quantity) arising from each source of
generation or jurisdiction along the collection route shall be estimated. This
estimation shall be proportionally based on the number of residential,
commercial and industrial units from the solid waste collection route sampled,
and/or on the weight or volume of the contents of each refuse container which
is sampled at the source(s) of generation. Where the number of units, or weight
or volume of each refuse container, are determined by a jurisdiction to be
unavailable, a jurisdiction may use population estimates to proportionally
allocate the origins of solid wastes.
(6) Weight to be Used for Compliance with
Diversion Standards. The total weight of solid waste generated by a
jurisdiction and diverted from disposal shall be the standard by which the
Board shall measure a jurisdiction's compliance with the statutory diversion
requirements of section 41780 of the Public Resources Code.
(g) Determination of Solid Waste Generation.
The total solid waste generated by a jurisdiction shall be the sum of the total
solid waste disposed, as quantified in the solid waste disposal
characterization, plus the total solid waste diverted from permitted solid
waste landfills and transformation facilities through any combination of
existing source reduction, recycling, and composting programs, as quantified in
the solid waste diversion characterization.
(1) The total quantity of solid waste
disposed shall include only solid waste transformed or disposed in permitted
solid waste transformation or disposal facilities. Solid wastes placed in
illegal dumps or unpermitted landfills cannot be counted as a part of the total
solid waste generated, for the purposes of the solid waste generation
study.
(2) Expressed as an
equation, the total solid waste generated by the jurisdiction shall be computed
as follows:
GEN = DISP + DIVERT
where:
GEN = the total quantity of solid waste generated within
the jurisdiction.
DISP = the total quantity of solid waste, generated within
the jurisdiction, which is transformed or disposed in permitted solid waste
facilities.
DIVERT = the total quantity of solid waste, generated
within the jurisdiction, which is diverted from permitted solid waste
transformation and disposal facilities, through existing source reduction,
recycling, and composting programs.
(h) Representative Sampling of Solid Waste.
The solid waste generation study shall be performed in two (2) parts,
consisting of:
(1) a representative
determination of the composition and quantity of solid waste disposed within
and by the jurisdiction, i.e., a waste disposal characterization,
and,
(2) a representative
determination of the composition and quantity of solid waste generated within
the jurisdiction which is diverted from solid waste landfills and solid waste
transformation facilities, i.e., a waste diversion characterization.
(A) A solid waste generation study shall be
representative of all residential, commercial, industrial and other sources of
waste generation in the jurisdiction. It shall also be representative of all
solid waste source reduction, recycling, composting, transformation and
disposal activities and facilities in the jurisdiction or used by the
jurisdiction and its residents and businesses.
(i) Identification of Solid Waste Sources,
Categories and Types. The solid waste generation study shall identify all
significant sources of solid waste generated by a jurisdiction, identify all
solid waste diversion programs and activities in a jurisdiction, all solid
waste diversion facilities used by a jurisdiction which are either located in
that jurisdiction or used by that jurisdiction, and identify all permitted
solid waste transformation and disposal facilities used by a jurisdiction. The
solid waste generation study shall identify solid wastes generated, diverted
and disposed by volume and/or weight, according to the requirements of section
18722(f) of this
article, and by waste category and waste type from the following sources of
generation within the jurisdiction:
(A)
residential
(B)
commercial
(C) industrial
(D) other sources
The source of waste generation listed in (D) above and
titled "other sources," may be used by a jurisdiction to identify sources of
solid waste generation which it determines are not categorized as residential,
commercial, or industrial sources of waste generation. Some examples of "other
sources" of solid waste generators are: state and national parks and recreation
areas, and self-haul vehicles.
(1)
Sampling Period. Solid waste diversion and disposal characterizations shall
demonstrate the composition and quantity of solid wastes diverted and disposed
by the jurisdiction during a continuous twelve month period subsequent to 1984,
pursuant to the requirements set forth in sections
18722(a) and (b)
of this article. Data collection is not required for each day of the sampling
period.
(2) Seasonal Variations. A
solid waste generation study shall quantify seasonal variations in solid waste
generation.
A. For a jurisdiction which uses
a quantitative field analysis for the initial solid waste generation study
prepared for the SRR Element, only one sampling period (e.g., one week) is
required for each of the seasons identified by a jurisdiction that occur within
the 6-month sampling period chosen by a jurisdiction. Only that amount of waste
which enables a jurisdiction to meet the requirements of Section 41780(a)(1) of
the Public Resources Code needs to be sampled by a jurisdiction.
A jurisdiction may use existing data from its own
jurisdiction or from a similar jurisdiction, as defined in Section
18724(c) of this
article, to determine the seasonal variation in the quantities and composition
of solid wastes, and to determine the seasonal ratios of solid wastes
generated, diverted and disposed, if the jurisdiction cannot obtain such data
during its 6-month sampling period.
B. In subsequent solid waste generation
studies prepared for revisions of SRR Elements, the data for a quantitative
field analysis shall be collected with a frequency sufficient to sample the
solid waste generated during all seasons identified by the jurisdiction, and in
the amount needed to satisfy the requirements of section 41780 of the Public
Resources Code.
C. For all solid
waste generation studies, data collection is not required for each day of the
seasons identified. In each season identified by a jurisdiction, the frequency
of sampling shall be sufficient to provide a representative characterization of
solid wastes generated, diverted, and disposed in the amounts needed to satisfy
the requirements of section 41780 of the Public Resources Code. In subsequent
solid waste generation studies, the frequency of sampling shall be
statistically representative of the seasons sampled.
(3) Marine Wastes. A jurisdiction shall, in
its solid waste generation study, identify all marine wastes generated in the
jurisdiction and assign them to the waste categories and waste types listed in
(j) of this section, or shall demonstrate that marine wastes generated within
the jurisdiction have been accounted for within the commercial sources of solid
waste generation.
(j) Solid Waste Categories and Types. A solid
waste generation study shall identify solid waste generation, within a
jurisdiction, by volume and weight, in accordance with the requirements of (f)
of this section. A solid waste generation study shall identify solid waste
generation within a jurisdiction by the following waste categories denoted by
numerals 1 through 8, and the waste types which are identified by letter within
each waste category:
(1) Paper:
(A) corrugated containers and brown paper
bags
(B) mixed paper
(C) newspaper
(D) high grade ledger paper
(E) other paper
(2) Plastics:
(A) high-density polyethylene (HDPE)
containers
(B) polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) containers
(C)
film plastics
(D) other
plastics
(3) Glass:
(A) refillable glass beverage
containers
(B) California
Redemption Value glass
(C) other
recyclable glass
(D) other
non-recyclable glass
(4)
Metals:
(A) aluminum cans
(B) bi-metal containers
(C) ferrous metals and tin cans
(D) non-ferrous metals including aluminum
scrap
(E) white goods
(F) other metals
(5) Yard Waste, including leaves, grass, and
prunings
(6) Other Organics:
(A) food waste
(B) tires and rubber products
(C) wood wastes
(D) agricultural crop residues
(E) manure
(F) textiles and leather
(G) other miscellaneous
organics
(7) Other
Wastes:
(A) inert solids, including rock,
concrete, brick, sand, soil, fines, asphalt, sheetrock
(B) household hazardous waste materials and
discarded household hazardous waste materials containers
(8) Special Wastes:
(A) ash
(B) sewage sludge
(C) industrial sludge
(D) asbestos
(E) auto shredder waste
(F) auto bodies
(G) other special wastes
A jurisdiction may add additional waste types to this list,
but only if the quantities of these additional waste types are not duplicates
of the reported quantities of the waste types given in the list
above.
(k)
Composite Solid Wastes. A jurisdiction shall, in the case of a composite solid
waste material which is readily separable into individual components, estimate
in a solid waste generation study the separate percent contribution, by volume
or weight, of each identifiable and separable waste category and waste type in
the composite solid waste material.
(l) Sampling Methodologies. Each jurisdiction
shall use one or more of the methodologies listed in (1) through (4) of this
subsection, to characterize the waste categories, waste types and quantities of
the solid wastes generated within the jurisdiction and diverted or disposed in
solid waste landfills or transformation facilities, using the waste categories
and types given in Sections
18722(i) and (j)
of this article.
(1) Quantitative Field
Analysis. The quantitative field analysis methodology shall be conducted using
data which is collected in the field either from the sources of generation,
from refuse collection vehicles or solid waste transfer vehicles; solid waste
source reduction, recycling, and composting programs and facilities; and/or
permitted solid waste transformation and disposal facilities.
For the purposes of this section, quantitative field
analysis consists of two steps: (1) the physical separation and sorting of
residential, commercial, industrial or other solid wastes, and/or the visual
survey of the composition of the solid wastes contained in self-haul vehicles,
industrial solid wastes contained in debris boxes or other industrial solid
waste containers, and (2) the physical measurement or accurate estimation and
recording of the weight and/or volume of the solid wastes observed when
performing step (1).
(2)
Materials Flow Methodology. A materials flow methodology is one in which a
jurisdiction estimates, using data on the quantities of specific commodities
sold in the jurisdiction's marketplace, the quantity of solid wastes generated
as a result of sales of those commodities. With this methodology, adjustments
are to be made for (a) import and export of commodities to and from a
jurisdiction, (b) commodity lifetime, and (c) other variables identified by a
jurisdiction.
(3)
Jurisdiction-Specific Data. This methodology is one in which a jurisdiction
uses existing published data to estimate the amounts of solid wastes specific
to its jurisdiction, e.g., data on demolition and construction wastes, sludges,
automobile bodies, nonhazardous industrial wastes, incinerator residues, and
other solid wastes which cannot be easily sampled or estimated by another
methodology allowed by this section.
(4) Existing Data from Comparable
Jurisdictions. The comparable jurisdiction methodology is one by which the
jurisdiction analyzes solid waste generated in the jurisdiction by using
existing solid waste composition data from another jurisdiction or
jurisdictions in California, except as allowed in the following paragraphs of
this subsection.
The use of out-of-state waste composition data is
acceptable, provided that the jurisdiction submits with its solid waste
generation study a statement of justification which satisfies its burden of
proof of demonstrating the following:
1. The out-of-state data must be comparable
to data available within California, and satisfy the requirements of
subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of this section;
2. The statutory and regulatory framework of
the state from which the data is derived must be consistent with the California
Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989, as amended, and its attendant
regulations, such that it is evident that the framework has not significantly
impacted the relative composition of the solid wastes disposed and diverted in
that state.
As a part of demonstrating the data's comparability and
legal consistency, a jurisdiction shall submit a complete copy of the
following, at the time the jurisdiction submits its SRR Element for the Board's
consideration:
i) . the waste
characterization study and composition data it is using, and
ii) . the solid waste statutory and
regulatory framework of the state from which the study and data originated.
For the purposes of this section, out-of-state data refers
only to data obtained from other states of the United States.
Except for the initial solid waste generation study, and as
allowed by section
18724(c) of this
article, data from another jurisdiction may be used to characterize the
composition of solid waste generated only if all of the following criteria are
met:
(A) the jurisdiction's population
is within plus or minus 10% of that of the jurisdiction conducting the solid
waste generation study; and
(B) the
jurisdiction's total residential solid waste tonnage disposed is within plus or
minus 10% of the total residential tonnage disposed by the jurisdiction
conducting the solid waste generation study, or the jurisdiction's number of
residential dwelling units is within plus or minus 10% of the number of
residential units of the jurisdiction conducting the solid waste generation
study; and
(C) the jurisdiction's
total commercial solid waste tonnage disposed is within plus or minus 10% of
the total commercial tonnage disposed by the jurisdiction conducting the solid
waste generation study, or the jurisdiction's number of commercial units is
within plus or minus 10% of the number of commercial units of the jurisdiction
conducting the solid waste generation
study.
(m) Solid Wastes Countable Towards Diversion.
For purposes of determining the quantity and types of solid
wastes diverted, only those solid wastes which are normally disposed of at
permitted solid waste landfills or permitted solid waste transformation
facilities, and which are allowed to be counted toward the statutory diversion
mandates pursuant to Sections 41781(a) and (b) of the Public Resources Code, as
amended shall be included.
(n) Unacceptability of Double and Multiple
Counting. A jurisdiction shall not double count or multiple count solid wastes
that are diverted from disposal by recycling, composting and source reduction
programs and facilities.
(o)
Accuracy of Data. A jurisdiction shall, in compiling necessary data on the
quantities and composition of solid wastes generated, diverted and disposed,
develop a system of reporting procedures which will, as accurately as possible,
quantify data reported from local governments, special districts, solid waste
haulers, solid waste facility operators, scrap dealers, recycling facilities,
recycling programs, and source reduction programs, for the purposes of the
preparation of the SRRE, the Household Hazardous Waste Element, and the
Countywide Siting Element. This system of reporting shall be separately
outlined in the solid waste generation study when it is submitted to the
Board.
