(a) Car
Construction.
(1)
Cars shall be
enclosed on the sides not used for entrance. The deflection of the
enclosure shall be not more than ¼ inch when subjected to a force of 75
pounds applied perpendicularly to the car enclosure at any point. The enclosure
shall be secured to the car platform or frame in such a manner that it cannot
work loose or become displaced in ordinary service.
EXCEPTION: Sidewalk elevators.
(2)
Car tops shall be provided for
hand-powered freight elevators and shall comply with the requirements for tops
on power-driven freight elevators, as enumerated in Section
3034(c).
EXCEPTIONS:
1.
Where all gates, when closed, come down to within 2 inches of the floor except
the lowest landing gate.
2.
Elevators having a rise of not more than 15 feet.
(3)
The car shall be provided with an
electric light controlled by a switch on the car, or on elevators with no car
top and a rise of not more than 15 feet, the light may be at the top of the
hoistway.
(4) Car frames
and platforms shall be of metal or sound seasoned wood design with a factor of
safety of not less than 4 for metal and 6 for wood, based on the rated load
uniformly distributed.
Connections between frame members of the car frame and
platform shall be riveted, bolted, or welded.
Sidewalk elevator platforms shall be provided with
steel bow-irons to open the sidewalk doors.
(5) Glass shall not be used in elevator
cars.
(b) Car Safety
Devices.
(1)
Hand elevators shall be
provided with a car safety device.
EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before January 1, 1925,
having a rise not exceeding 15 feet.
(2) Governor actuated safeties shall be
located below the car platform and shall be approved by the division as
required in Section
3106 and the governor and safety
tested on each installation as required by Section
3035.
(3) Safety devices actuated by the breaking
or slackening of the hoist cables shall be drop tested on each installation and
the test shall be witnessed by a representative of the division.
(4)
Where the travel exceeds 40 feet,
driving machines having hand-operated brakes shall also be equipped with an
automatic speed retarder.
EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before January 1,
1925.
(c) Capacity
and Loading.
(1) The rated load of hand
elevators shall be not less than 50 pounds per square foot of net inside car
area.
(2) A metal plate shall be
fastened in a conspicuous place in the elevator car and shall bear the
following information in not less than ¼ inch letters or figures;
stamped, etched, or raised on the surface of the plate.
(A) Rated load in pounds.
(B) The maximum number of passengers to be
carried based on 150 pounds per person (if passenger elevator).
(C) Suspension data required by Section
3077(i)(5).
(d) Load and Car Safety Test. A rated-load
test and a test of the car safety device with rated load in the car, shall be
made of every new elevator before it is placed in regular service. See Section
3077(b).
(e) Guide Rails and Fastenings.
(1) Cars and counterweights shall be provided
with guide rails of steel or straight-grained seasoned wood.
(2) Guide rails for sidewalk elevators shall
be of steel.
(3) Guide rails shall
be securely fastened with through-bolts or clips of such strength, design, and
spacing that:
(A) The guide rails and their
fastenings shall not deflect more than ¼ inch under normal
operation.
(B) The guide rails and
their fastenings shall withstand the application of the safety when stopping
the car with rated load or when stopping the counterweight.
(4) Car and counterweight guide rails shall
rest on suitable supports and extend at the top of the hoistway sufficiently to
prevent the guide shoes from running off the guide rails in case the car or
counterweight travels beyond the terminal landings.
(f) Counterweights.
Sections of counterweights, whether carried in frames
or not, shall be secured by at least two tie rods passing through holes in the
sections. The tie rods shall have lock nuts at each end, secured by cotter
pins.
(g) Driving Machines
and Sheaves.
(1) The factors of safety, based
on the static loads, to be used in the design of driving machines and sheaves
shall be not less than 8 for wrought iron or wrought steel and 10 for cast iron
or other materials.
(2)
Driving machines shall be equipped with a hand brake or an automatic
brake operating in either direction of motion of the elevator, and capable of
stopping and holding the car with its rated load. When the brake has
been applied, it shall remain in the "On" position until released by the
operator.
(h) Power
Attachments.
(1)
Hand elevators shall
not be equipped with any means or attachment for applying electric or other
power.
(i)
Suspension Means.
(1) Suspension means shall
consist of not less than two wire ropes or chains.
(2)
The factor of safety used in
determining the size and number of the suspension members shall be not less
than 5, based on the weight of the car and its rated load.
(3) The length of suspension means shall be
such as to provide the minimum top car and counterweight clearances.
(4) Drum ends of suspension means shall be
secured to the inside of the drum by clamps or babbitted sockets, and there
shall be not less than one complete turn of the suspension means around the
winding drum when the car or counterweight is resting on its buffers.
(5) The capacity plate required by Section
3077(c)(2)(C),
shall state the size, rated ultimate strength, and material of the suspension
means. The date of installation of the suspension means shall be shown on a
metal tag attached to the suspension fastenings.
(j) Out-of-Service Requirements. When
it is intended to discontinue the use of a hand powered elevator for an
extended period of time, the cables shall be disconnected and the car and
counterweights landed satisfactorily.