(1) Inorganic Contaminants.
(a) The maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for
antimony, arsenic, asbestos, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cyanide,
fluoride, mercury, nickel, selenium, sodium, thallium and total dissolved
solids are applicable to community and non-transient non-community water
systems.
(b) The MCLs for nitrate,
nitrite, and total nitrate, nitrite and sulfate are applicable to community,
non-transient non-community, and transient non-community water
systems.
(c) The maximum
contaminant levels for inorganic chemicals are listed in Table 200-1.
TABLE 200-1 PRIMARY INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS
Contaminant
|
Maximum Contaminant Level
|
1. Antimony
|
0.006 mg/L
|
2. Arsenic
|
0.010 mg/L
(see Note 5 below)
|
3. Asbestos
|
7 Million Fibers/liter (longer than 10 um)
|
4. Barium
|
2 mg/L
|
5. Beryllium
|
0.004 mg/L
|
6. Cadmium
|
0.005 mg/L
|
7. Chromium
|
0.1 mg/L
|
8. Cyanide (as free Cyanide)
|
0.2 mg/L
|
9. Fluoride
|
4.0 mg/L
|
10. Mercury
|
0.002 mg/L
|
11. Nickel
|
--- (see Note 1 below)
|
12. Nitrate
|
10 mg/l (as Nitrogen) (see Note 4 below)
|
13. Nitrite
|
1 mg/L (as Nitrogen)
|
14. Total Nitrate and Nitrite
|
10 mg/L (as Nitrogen)
|
15. Selenium
|
0.05 mg/L
|
16. Sodium
|
--- (see Note 1 below)
|
17. Sulfate
|
1000 mg/L (see Note 2 below)
|
18. Thallium
|
0.002 mg/L
|
19. Total Dissolved Solids
|
2000 mg/L (see Note 3 below)
|
NOTE:
(1) No maximum
contaminant level has been established for nickel and sodium. However, these
contaminant shall be monitored and reported in accordance with the requirements
of
R309-205-5(3).
(2) If the sulfate level of a public
(community, NTNC and non-community) water system is greater than 500 mg/L, the
supplier shall satisfactorily demonstrate that:
(a) No better quality water is available,
and
(b) The water shall not be
available for human consumption from commercial establishments.
In no case shall the Director allow the use of water having a
sulfate level greater than 1000 mg/L.
(3) If TDS is greater than 1000 mg/L, the
supplier shall satisfactorily demonstrate to the Director that no better water
is available. The Director shall not allow the use of an inferior source of
water if a better source of water (i.e. lower in TDS) is available.
(4) In the case of a non-community water
systems which exceed the MCL for nitrate, the Director may allow, on a
case-by-case basis, a nitrate level not to exceed 20 mg/L if the supplier can
adequately demonstrate that:
(a) such water
will not be available to children under 6 months of age as may be the case in
hospitals, schools and day care centers; and
(b) there will be continuous posting of the
fact that nitrate levels exceed 10 mg/L and the potential health effect of
exposure in accordance with
R309-220-12;
and
(d) that no adverse health
effects will result.
(5)
The maximum contaminant level for arsenic is 0.05 mg/L until January 23, 2006.
The MCL of 0.010 mg/L is effective for the purposes of compliance on January
23, 2006.
(2)
Lead and copper.
(a) The lead action level is
exceeded if the concentration of lead in more than 10 percent of tap water
samples collected during any monitoring period conducted in accordance with
R309-210-6(3)
is greater than 0.015 mg/L (i.e., if the "90th percentile" lead level is
greater than 0.015 mg/L).
(b) The
copper action level is exceeded if the concentration of copper in more than 10
percent of tap water samples collected during any monitoring period conducted
in accordance with
R309-210-6(3)
is greater than 1.3 mg/L (i.e., if the "90th percentile" copper level is
greater than 1.3 mg/L).
(c) The
90th percentile lead and copper levels shall be computed as follows:
(i) The results of all lead or copper samples
taken during a monitoring period shall be placed in ascending order from the
sample with the lowest concentration to the sample with the highest
concentration. Each sampling result shall be assigned a number, ascending by
single integers beginning with the number 1 for the sample with the lowest
contaminant level. The number assigned to the sample with the highest
contaminant level shall be equal to the total number of samples
taken.
(ii) The number of samples
taken during the monitoring period shall be multiplied by 0.9.
(iii) The contaminant concentration in the
numbered sample yielded by the calculation in paragraph (c)(ii) above is the
90th percentile contaminant level.
(iv) For water systems serving fewer than 100
people that collect 5 samples per monitoring period, the 90th percentile is
computed by taking the average of the highest and second highest
concentrations.
(v) For a public
water system that has been allowed by the Director to collect fewer than five
samples in accordance with
R309-210-6(3)(c),
the sample result with the highest concentration is considered the 90th
percentile value.
(3) Organic Contaminants.
The following are the maximum contaminant levels for organic
chemicals. For the purposes of R309-100 through R309-R309-605, organic
chemicals are divided into three categories:
Pesticides/PCBs/SOCs, volatile organic contaminants (VOCs)
and total trihalomethanes.
(a)
Pesticides/PCBs/SOCs - The MCLs for organic contaminants listed in Table 200-2
are applicable to community water systems and non-transient, non-community
water systems.
TABLE 200-2 PESTICIDE/PCB/SOC CONTAMINANTS
Contaminant
|
Maximum Contaminant Level
|
1. Alachlor
|
0.002 mg/L
|
2. Aldicarb
|
(see Note 1 below)
|
3. Aldicarb sulfoxide
|
(see Note 1 below)
|
4. Aldicarb sulfone
|
(see Note 1 below)
|
5. Atrazine
|
0.003 mg/L
|
6. Carbofuran
|
0.04 mg/L
|
7. Chlordane
|
0.002 mg/L
|
8. Dibromochloropropane
|
0.0002 mg/L
|
9. 2,4-D
|
0.07 mg/L
|
10. Ethylene dibromide
|
0.00005 mg/L
|
11. Heptachlor
|
0.0004 mg/L
|
12. Heptachlor epoxide
|
0.0002 mg/L
|
13. Lindane
|
0.0002 mg/L
|
14. Methoxychlor
|
0.04 mg/L
|
15. Polychlorinated biphenyls
|
0.0005 mg/L
|
16. Pentachlorophenol
|
0.001 mg/L
|
17. Toxaphene
|
0.003 mg/L
|
18. 2,4,5-TP
|
0.05 mg/L
|
19. Benzo(a)pyrene
|
0.0002 mg/L
|
20. Dalapon
|
0.2 mg/L
|
21. Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
|
0.4 mg/L
|
22. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
|
0.006 mg/L
|
23. Dinoseb
|
0.007 mg/L
|
24. Diquat
|
0.02 mg/L
|
25. Endothall
|
0.1 mg/L
|
26. Endrin
|
0.002 mg/L
|
27. Glyphosate
|
0.7 mg/L
|
28. Hexachlorobenzene
|
0.001 mg/L
|
29. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
|
0.05 mg/L
|
30. Oxamyl (Vydate)
|
0.2 mg/L
|
31. Picloram
|
0.5 mg/L
|
32. Simazine
|
0.004 mg/L
|
33. 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)
|
0.00000003 mg/L
|
Note 1: The MCL for this contaminant is under further review,
however, this contaminant shall be monitored in accordance with
R309-205-6(1).
(b) Volatile organic contaminants
- The maximum contaminant levels for organic contaminants listed in Table 200-3
apply to community and non-transient non-community water systems.
TABLE 200-3 VOLATILE ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS
Contaminant
|
Maximum Contaminant Level
|
1. Vinyl chloride
|
0.002 mg/L
|
2. Benzene
|
0.005 mg/L
|
3. Carbon tetrachloride
|
0.005 mg/L
|
4. 1,2-Dichloroethane
|
0.005 mg/L
|
5. Trichloroethylene
|
0.005 mg/L
|
6. para-Dichlorobenzene
|
0.075 mg/L
|
7. 1,1-Dichloroethylene
|
0.007 mg/L
|
8. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
|
0.2 mg/L
|
9. cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
|
0.07 mg/L
|
10. 1,2-Dichloropropane
|
0.005 mg/L
|
11. Ethylbenzene
|
0.7 mg/L
|
12. Monochlorobenzene
|
0.1 mg/L
|
13. o-Dichlorobenzene
|
0.6 mg/L
|
14. Styrene
|
0.1 mg/L
|
15. Tetrachloroethylene
|
0.005 mg/L
|
16. Toluene
|
1 mg/L
|
17. trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
|
0.1 mg/L
|
18. Xylenes (total)
|
10 mg/L
|
19. Dichloromethane
|
0.005 mg/L
|
20. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
|
0.07 mg/L
|
21. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
|
0.005 mg/L
|
(c)
Disinfection Byproducts and Disinfectant Residuals:
(i) Community and Non-transient non-community
water systems. Surface Water systems serving 10,000 or more persons shall
comply with this section beginning January 1, 2002. Surface water systems
serving fewer than 10,000 persons and systems using only ground water not under
the direct influence of surface water shall comply with this section beginning
January 1, 2004.
(A) Compliance with the
disinfection byproduct MCLs listed in Table 200-4 shall be determined by the
procedures listed in
R309-210-8(6)
until the date specified by system size listed in
R309-210-10(1)(c)
at which time compliance shall be determined utilizing LRAA as specified in
R309-210-10(1)(d).
(ii) Transient non-community water
systems. Surface water systems serving 10,000 or more persons and using
chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant shall comply with the chlorine
dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2002. Surface water systems serving fewer
than 10,000 persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant and
systems using only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water
and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant shall comply with the
chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.
(iii) The maximum contaminant levels (MCLs)
for disinfection byproducts are listed in Table 200-4.
TABLE 200-4 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT
|
MCL (mg/L)
|
Total trihalomethanes (TTHM)
|
0.080
|
Haloacetic acids (five) (HAA5)
|
0.060
|
Bromate
|
0.010
|
Chlorite
|
1.0
|
(iv)
The maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs) are listed in Table 200-5.
TABLE 200-5 MAXIMUM RESIDUAL DISINFECTANT LEVELS
DISINFECTANT RESIDUAL
|
MRDL (mg/L)
|
Chlorine
|
4.0 (as Cl )
|
Chloramines
|
4.0 (as Cl )
|
Chlorine dioxide
|
0.8 (as ClO2)
|
(v)
Control of Disinfectant Residuals. Notwithstanding the MRDLs listed in Table
200-5, systems may increase residual disinfectant levels in the distribution
system of chlorine or chloramines (but not chlorine dioxide) to a level and for
a time necessary to protect public health, to address specific microbiological
contamination problems caused by circumstances such as, but not limited to,
distribution line breaks, storm run-off events, source water contamination
events, or cross-connection events.
(vi) A system that is installing GAC or
membrane technology to comply with this section may apply to the Director for
an extension of up to 24 months past the dates in paragraph (c)(i) of this
section, but not beyond December 31, 2003. In granting the extension, the
Director shall set a schedule for compliance and may specify any interim
measures that the system shall take. Failure to meet the schedule or interim
treatment requirements constitutes a violation of Utah Public Drinking Water
Rules.
(4)
Radiologic Chemicals.
(a) Compliance dates.
Compliance dates for combined radium-226 and -228, gross alpha particle
activity, gross beta particle and photon radioactivity, and uranium: Community
water systems shall comply with the MCLs listed in paragraphs (b), (c), (d),
and (e) of this section beginning December 8, 2003 and compliance shall be
determined in accordance with the requirements of this sub-section (4) and
R309-205-7.
Compliance with reporting requirements for the radionuclides under R309-220 and
R309-225 is required on December 8, 2003.
(b) Combined radium-226 and -228. The maximum
contaminant level for combined radium-226 and radium-228 is 5 pCi/L. The
combined radium-226 and radium-228 value is determined by the addition of the
results of the analysis for radium-226 and the analysis for
radium-228.
(c) Gross alpha
particle activity (excluding radon and uranium). The maximum contaminant level
for gross alpha particle activity (including radium-226 but excluding radon and
uranium) is 15 pCi/L.
(d) The MCL
for beta particle and photon radioactivity.
(i) The average annual concentration of beta
particle and photon radioactivity from man-made radionuclides in drinking water
shall not produce an annual dose equivalent to the total body or any internal
organ greater than 4 millirem/year (mrem/year).
(ii) Except for the radionuclides listed in
Table 200-6, the concentration of man-made radionuclides causing 4 mrem total
body or organ dose equivalents shall be calculated on the basis of 2 liters per
day drinking water intake using the 168 hour data list in "Maximum Permissible
Body Burdens and Maximum Permissible Concentrations of Radionuclides in Air and
in Water for Occupational Exposure," NBS (National Bureau of Standards)
Handbook 69 as amended August 1963, U.S. Department of Commerce. Copies of this
document are available from the National Technical Information Service, NTIS
ADA 280 282, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield,
Virginia 22161. The toll-free number is 800-553-6847. Copies may be inspected
at the Division of Drinking Water offices. If two or more radionuclides are
present, the sum of their annual dose equivalent to the total body or to any
organ shall not exceed 4 mrem/year.
TABLE 200-6 MAN-MADE RADIONUCLIDE CONTAMINANTS
Average Annual Concentrations Assumed to Produce: A Total
Body or Organ Dose of 4 mrem/yr
Radionuclide
|
Critical organ
|
pCi per liter
|
Tritium
|
Total body
|
20,000
|
Strontium-90
|
Bone Marrow
|
8
|
(e) The MCL for uranium. The maximum
contaminant level for uranium is 30 ug/L.
(5) TURBIDITY
(a) All public water systems using surface
water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water shall provide
treatment consisting of both disinfection, as specified in R309-200-5(7)(a),
and filtration treatment which complies with the requirements of paragraph (i),
(ii) or (iii) of this section.
(i)
Conventional filtration treatment or direct filtration.
(A) For systems using conventional filtration
or direct filtration, the turbidity level of representative samples of a
system's combined filtered effluent water shall be less than or equal to 0.3
NTU in at least 95 percent of the measurements taken each month, measured as
specified in
R309-200-4(3)
and
R309-215-9.
(B) The turbidity level of representative
samples of a system's combined filtered effluent water shall at no time exceed
1.0 NTU, measured as specified in
R309-200-4(3)
and
R309-215-9.
(C) A system that uses lime softening may
acidify representative samples prior to analysis using a protocol approved by
the Director.
(ii)
Filtration technologies other than conventional filtration treatment, direct
filtration, slow sand filtration, or diatomaceous earth filtration. A public
water system may use a filtration technology not listed in paragraph (i) or
(iii) of this subsection if it demonstrates to the Director, using pilot plant
studies or other means, that the alternative filtration technology, in
combination with disinfection treatment that meets the requirements of
R309-200-5(7), consistently achieves 99.9 percent removal and/or inactivation
of Giardia lamblia cysts and 99.99 percent removal and/or inactivation of
viruses, and 99 percent removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts, and the Director
approves the use of the filtration technology. For each approval, the Director
will set turbidity performance requirements that the system shall meet at least
95 percent of the time and that the system may not exceed at any time at a
level that consistently achieves 99.9 percent removal and/or inactivation of
Giardia lamblia cysts, 99.99 percent removal and/or inactivation of viruses,
and 99 percent removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts. For alternative filtration
technology using membrane filtration, the turbidity performance requirements
shall be a turbidity level of less than or equal to 0.1 NTU in at least 95
percent of the measurements taken each month and that at no time exceeds 0.5
NTU, measured as specified in Subsection
R309-200-4(3)
and Section
R309-215-9.
For alternative filtration technology other than membrane filtration, the
turbidity level of representative samples shall at no time exceed 5.0 NTU for
any treatment technique, measured as specified in
R309-215-9(1)(c)
and (d).
(iii) The turbidity limit for slow sand
filtration and diatomaceous earth filtration shall be less than or equal to 1.0
NTU in at least 95 percent of the measurements taken each month, measured as
specified in
R309-215-9(1)(c)
and (d). For slow sand filtration only, if
the Director determines that the system is capable of achieving 99.9 percent
removal and inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts at some turbidity level
higher than 1.0 NTU in at least 95 percent of the measurements, the Director
may substitute this higher turbidity limit for that system. The turbidity level
of representative samples shall at no time exceed 5.0 NTU for any treatment
technique, measured as specified in
R309-215-9(1)(c)
and (d).
(c) Ground water sources not under the direct
influence of surface water:
(i) The following
turbidity limit applies to community water systems only.
(ii) The limit for turbidity in drinking
water from ground water sources not under the direct influence of surface
sources is 5.0 NTU based on an average for two consecutive days pursuant to
R309-205-8(3).
(6) MICROBIOLOGICAL
QUALITY
(a) The maximum contaminant level
(MCL) for microbiological contaminants for all public water systems is:
(i) For a system that collects at least 40
samples per month, if no more than 5.0 percent of the samples collected during
a month are total coliform-positive, the system is in compliance with the MCL
for total coliforms.
(ii) For a
system that collects fewer than 40 samples per month, if no more than one
sample collected during a month is total coliform-positive, the system is in
compliance with the MCL for total coliforms.
(b) A system is in compliance with the MCL
for E. coli for samples taken under the provisions of R309-211 unless any of
the conditions identified in paragraphs (b)(i) through (b)(iv) of this section
occur. For purposes of the public notification requirements in R309-220,
violation of the MCL may pose an acute risk to health.
(i) The system has an E. coli-positive repeat
sample following a total coliform-positive routine sample.
(ii) The system has a total coliform-positive
repeat sample following an E. coli-positive routine sample.
(iii) The system fails to take all required
repeat samples following an E. coli-positive routine sample.
(iv) The system fails to test for E. coli
when any repeat sample tests positive for total coliform.
(c) A public water system must determine
compliance with the MCL for E. coli in paragraph (b) of this section for each
month in which it is required to monitor for total coliforms.
(7) DISINFECTION
Continuous disinfection is recommended for all water sources.
It shall be required of all ground water sources which do not consistently meet
standards of bacteriologic quality. Surface water sources or ground water
sources under direct influence of surface water shall be disinfected and
continuously monitored for disinfection residual during the course of required
conventional complete treatment for systems serving greater than 3,300 people.
Disinfection shall not be considered a substitute for inadequate collection or
filtration facilities.
Successful disinfection assures 99.9 percent inactivation of
Giardia lamblia cysts and 99.99 percent inactivation of enteric viruses. Both
filtration and disinfection are considered treatment techniques to protect
against the potential adverse health effects of exposure to Giardia lamblia,
viruses, Legionella, and heterotrophic bacteria in water. Minimum disinfection
levels are set by "CT" values as defined in R309-110.
(a) Each public water system that provides
filtration treatment shall provide disinfection treatment as follows:
(i) The disinfection treatment shall be
sufficient to ensure that the total treatment processes of the system achieve
at least 99.9 percent (3-log) inactivation and/or removal of Giardia lamblia
cysts and at least 99.99 percent (4-log) inactivation and/or removal of
viruses, as determined by the Director.
(ii) The residual disinfectant concentration
in the water entering the distribution system cannot be less than 0.2 mg/L for
more than 4 hours.
(iii) The
residual disinfectant concentration in the distribution system, measured as
combined chlorine or chlorine dioxide, cannot be undetectable in more than 5
percent of the samples each month, for any two consecutive months that the
system serves water to the public. Water in the distribution system with a
heterotrophic bacteria concentration less than or equal to 500/ml, measured as
heterotrophic plate count (HPC) is deemed to have a detectable disinfectant
residual for purposes of determining compliance with this requirement. Thus,
the value "V" in the following formula cannot exceed 5 percent in one month,
for any two consecutive months.
V = ((c + d + e) / (a + b)) x 100 where:
a = number of instances where the residual disinfectant
concentration is measured;
b = number of instances where the residual disinfectant
concentration is not measured but heterotrophic bacteria plate count (HPC) is
measured;
c = number of instances where the residual disinfectant
concentration is measured but not detected and no HPC is measured;
d = number of instances where no residual disinfectant
concentration is detected and where HPC is greater than 500/ml;
e = number of instances where the residual disinfectant
concentration is not measured and HPC is greater than 500/ml.
(b) If the Director determines,
based on site-specific considerations, that a system has no means for having a
sample transported and analyzed for HPC by a certified laboratory under the
requisite time and temperature conditions specified in
R309-200-4(3)
and that the system is providing adequate disinfection in the distribution
system, the requirements of R309-200-5(7)(a)(iii) do not apply.
(c) If a system utilizes a combination of
sources, some surface water influenced (requiring filtration and disinfection
treatment) and others deemed ground water (not requiring any treatment, even
disinfection), the Director may, based on site-specific considerations, allow
sampling for residual disinfectant or HPC at locations other than those
specified by total coliform monitoring required by R309-211.
Notes
Utah Admin. Code
R309-200-5
Amended by
Utah
State Bulletin Number 2016-10, effective
5/1/2016
Amended by
Utah
State Bulletin Number 2019-3, effective
1/15/2019
Amended by
Utah
State Bulletin Number 2022-06, effective
3/31/2022