Federal Data Center Consolidation Initiative
Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title VIII, § 834, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3444, as amended by Pub. L. 115–88, § 4, Nov. 21, 2017, 131 Stat. 1278; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, § 819(c), Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1464; Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title VIII, § 824, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1491, provided that:
“(a) Definitions.—In this section:
“(2) Covered agency.—The term ‘covered agency’ means the following (including all associated components of the agency):
“(A)
Department of Agriculture.
“(B)
Department of Commerce.
“(C)
Department of Defense.
“(D)
Department of Education.
“(E)
Department of Energy.
“(F)
Department of Health and Human Services.
“(G)
Department of Homeland Security.
“(H)
Department of Housing and Urban Development.
“(I)
Department of the Interior.
“(J)
Department of Justice.
“(K)
Department of Labor.
“(L)
Department of State.
“(M)
Department of Transportation.
“(N)
Department of Treasury.
“(O)
Department of Veterans Affairs.
“(P)
Environmental Protection Agency.
“(Q)
General Services Administration.
“(R)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
“(S)
National Science Foundation.
“(T)
Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
“(U)
Office of Personnel Management.
“(V)
Small Business Administration.
“(W)
Social Security Administration.
“(X)
United States Agency for International Development.
“(3) FDCCI.—
The term ‘FDCCI’ means the Federal Data Center Consolidation Initiative described in the Office of Management and Budget Memorandum on the Federal Data Center Consolidation Initiative, dated February 26, 2010, or any successor thereto.
“(4) Government-wide data center consolidation and optimization metrics.—
The term ‘Government-wide data center consolidation and optimization metrics’ means the metrics established by the
Administrator under subsection (b)(2)(G).
“(b) Federal Data Center Consolidation Inventories and Strategies.—
“(1) In general.—
“(A) Annual reporting.—Except as provided in subparagraph (C), each year, beginning in the first fiscal year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 19, 2014] and each fiscal year thereafter, the head of each covered agency, assisted by the Chief Information Officer of the agency, shall submit to the Administrator—
“(i)
a comprehensive inventory of the data centers owned, operated, or maintained by or on behalf of the agency; and
“(ii) a multi-year strategy to achieve the consolidation and optimization of the data centers inventoried under clause (i), that includes—
“(I) performance metrics—
“(aa)
that are consistent with the Government-wide data center consolidation and optimization metrics; and
“(bb)
by which the quantitative and qualitative progress of the agency toward the goals of the FDCCI can be measured;
“(II)
a timeline for agency activities to be completed under the FDCCI, with an emphasis on benchmarks the agency can achieve by specific dates;
“(III) year-by-year calculations of investment and cost savings for the period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act and ending on the date set forth in subsection (e), broken down by each year, including a description of any initial costs for data center consolidation and optimization and life cycle cost savings and other improvements, with an emphasis on—
“(aa)
meeting the Government-wide data center consolidation and optimization metrics; and
“(bb)
demonstrating the amount of agency-specific cost savings each fiscal year achieved through the FDCCI; and
“(B) Use of other reporting structures.—
The
Administrator may require a covered agency to include the information required to be submitted under this subsection through reporting structures determined by the
Administrator to be appropriate.
“(D) Statement.—Each year, beginning in the first fiscal year after the date of the enactment of this Act and each fiscal year thereafter, the head of each covered agency, acting through the Chief Information Officer of the agency, shall—
“(i)
(I)
submit a statement to the
Administrator stating whether the agency has complied with the requirements of this section; and
“(II)
make the statement submitted under subclause (I) publicly available; and
“(ii)
if the agency has not complied with the requirements of this section, submit a statement to the
Administrator explaining the reasons for not complying with such requirements.
“(E) Agency implementation of strategies.—
“(i) In general.—Each covered agency, under the direction of the Chief Information Officer of the agency, shall—
“(I)
implement the strategy required under subparagraph (A)(ii); and
“(II) provide updates to the Administrator, on a quarterly basis, of—
“(aa)
the completion of activities by the agency under the FDCCI;
“(bb)
any progress of the agency towards meeting the Government-wide data center consolidation and optimization metrics; and
“(cc)
the actual cost savings and other improvements realized through the implementation of the strategy of the agency.
“(F) Rule of construction.—
Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the reporting of information by a covered agency to the
Administrator, the Director of the
Office of Management and Budget, or
Congress.
“(2) Administrator responsibilities.—The Administrator shall—
“(A)
establish the deadline, on an annual basis, for covered agencies to submit information under this section;
“(B)
establish a list of requirements that the covered agencies must meet to be considered in compliance with paragraph (1);
“(C)
ensure that information relating to agency progress towards meeting the Government-wide data center consolidation and optimization metrics is made available in a timely manner to the general public;
“(D)
review the inventories and strategies submitted under paragraph (1) to determine whether they are comprehensive and complete;
“(E)
monitor the implementation of the data center strategy of each covered agency that is required under paragraph (1)(A)(ii);
“(F)
update, on an annual basis, the cumulative cost savings realized through the implementation of the FDCCI; and
“(G) establish metrics applicable to the consolidation and optimization of data centers Government-wide, including metrics with respect to—
“(ii)
efficiencies, including, at a minimum, server efficiency; and
“(iii)
any other factors the
Administrator considers appropriate.
“(3) Cost saving goal and updates for congress.—
“(A) In general.—
Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
Administrator shall develop, and make publicly available, a goal, broken down by year, for the amount of planned cost savings and optimization improvements achieved through the FDCCI during the period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act and ending on the date set forth in subsection (e).
“(B) Annual update.—
“(i) In general.—
Not later than one year after the date on which the goal described in subparagraph (A) is made publicly available, and each year thereafter, the
Administrator shall aggregate the reported cost savings of each covered agency and optimization improvements achieved to date through the FDCCI and compare the savings to the projected cost savings and optimization improvements developed under subparagraph (A).
“(ii) Update for congress.—The goal required to be developed under subparagraph (A) shall be submitted to Congress and shall be accompanied by a statement describing—
“(I)
the extent to which each covered agency has developed and submitted a comprehensive inventory under paragraph (1)(A)(i), including an analysis of the inventory that details specific numbers, use, and efficiency level of data centers in each inventory; and
“(II)
the extent to which each covered agency has submitted a comprehensive strategy that addresses the items listed in paragraph (1)(A)(ii).
“(4) GAO review.—
“(A) In general.—
Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States shall review and verify the quality and completeness of the inventory and strategy of each covered agency required under paragraph (1)(A).
“(B) Report.—
The Comptroller General of the United States shall, on an annual basis, publish a report on each review conducted under subparagraph (A).
“(c) Ensuring Cybersecurity Standards for Data Center Consolidation and Cloud Computing.—
“(1) In general.—In implementing a data center consolidation and optimization strategy under this section, a covered agency shall do so in a manner that is consistent with Federal guidelines on cloud computing security, including—
“(A)
applicable provisions found within the Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP); and
“(B)
guidance published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
“(2) Rule of construction.—
Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the ability of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget to update or modify the Federal guidelines on cloud computing security.
“(d) Waiver of Requirements.—
The Director of National Intelligence and the
Secretary of Defense, or their respective designee, may waive the applicability to any national security system, as defined in [former]
section 3542 of title 44, United States Code, [see
44 U.S.C. 3552] of any provision of this section if the Director of National Intelligence or the
Secretary of Defense, or their respective designee, determines that such waiver is in the interest of national security. Not later than 30 days after making a waiver under this subsection, the Director of National Intelligence or the
Secretary of Defense, or their respective designee, shall submit to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the
Senate and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform [now Committee on Oversight and Reform] and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the
House of Representatives a statement describing the waiver and the reasons for the waiver.
“(e) Sunset.—
This section is repealed effective on October 1, 2022.”
[Pub. L. 115–88 and Pub. L. 115–91 amended section 834(e) of Pub. L. 113–291, set out above, identically by striking “2018” and inserting “2020”.]
E-Government Initiatives Funding
Pub. L. 110–161, div. D, title VII, § 737, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2028, provided that:
“(a)
For fiscal year 2008, no
funds shall be available for transfers or reimbursements to the E-Government initiatives sponsored by the
Office of Management and Budget prior to 15 days following submission of a report to the Committees on Appropriations by the Director of the
Office of Management and Budget and receipt of approval to transfer
funds by the House and
Senate Committees on Appropriations.
“(b)
Hereafter, any funding request for a new or ongoing E-Government initiative by any agency or agencies managing the development of an initiative shall include in justification materials submitted to the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations the information in subsection (d).
“(c) Hereafter, any funding request by any agency or agencies participating in the development of an E-Government initiative and contributing funding for the initiative shall include in justification materials submitted to the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations—
“(1)
the amount of funding contributed to each initiative by program office, bureau, or activity, as appropriate; and
“(2)
the relevance of that use to that department or agency and each bureau or office within, which is contributing
funds.
“(d) The report in (a) and justification materials in (b) shall include at a minimum—
“(1)
a description of each initiative including but not limited to its objectives, benefits, development status, risks, cost effectiveness (including estimated net costs or savings to the government), and the estimated date of full operational capability;
“(2)
the total development cost of each initiative by fiscal year including costs to date, the estimated costs to complete its development to full operational capability, and estimated annual operations and maintenance costs; and
“(3)
the sources and distribution of funding by fiscal year and by agency and bureau for each initiative including agency contributions to date and estimated future contributions by agency.
“(e)
No
funds shall be available for obligation or expenditure for new E-Government initiatives without the explicit approval of the House and
Senate Committees on Appropriations.”
[Provisions similar to subsecs. (a), (d), and (e) of section 737 of Pub. L. 110–161, set out above, were contained in sections of subsequent appropriations acts which are not set out in the Code.]
Building a 21st Century Digital Government
Memorandum of President of the United States, May 23, 2012, 77 F.R. 32391, provided:
Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies
The innovative use of technology is fundamentally transforming how the American people do business and live their daily lives. Exponential increases in computing power, the rise of high-speed networks, and the growing mobile revolution have put the Internet at our fingertips, encouraging innovations that are giving rise to new industries and reshaping existing ones.
Innovators in the private sector and the Federal Government have used these technological advances to fundamentally change how they serve their customers. However, it is time for the Federal Government to do more. For far too long, the American people have been forced to navigate a labyrinth of information across different Government programs in order to find the services they need. In addition, at a time when Americans increasingly pay bills and buy tickets on mobile devices, Government services often are not optimized for smartphones or tablets, assuming the services are even available online.
On April 27, 2011, I issued Executive Order 13571 (Streamlining Service Delivery and Improving Customer Service), requiring executive departments and agencies (agencies) to, among other things, identify ways to use innovative technologies to streamline their delivery of services to lower costs, decrease service delivery times, and improve the customer experience. As the next step toward modernizing the way Government works, I charged my Federal Chief Information Officer (CIO) with developing a comprehensive Government-wide strategy to build a 21st century digital Government that delivers better digital services to the American people.
Today, the CIO is releasing that strategy, entitled “Digital Government: Building a 21st Century Platform to Better Serve the American People” (Strategy), which provides agencies with a 12-month roadmap that focuses on several priority areas. The Strategy will enable more efficient and coordinated digital service delivery by requiring agencies to establish specific, measurable goals for delivering better digital services; encouraging agencies to deliver information in new ways that fully utilize the power and potential of mobile and web-based technologies; ensuring the safe and secure delivery and use of digital services to protect information and privacy; requiring agencies to establish central online resources for outside developers and to adopt new standards for making applicable Government information open and machine-readable by default; aggregating agencies’ online resource pages for developers in a centralized catalogue on www.Data.gov; and requiring agencies to use web performance analytics and customer satisfaction measurement tools on all “.gov” websites.
Ultimately, this Strategy will ensure that agencies use emerging technologies to serve the public as effectively as possible. As a Government, and as a trusted provider of services, we must never forget who our customers are—the American people.
In order to ensure that agencies make the best use of emerging technologies in serving the public, I hereby direct each agency to take the following actions:
(1) implement the requirements of the Strategy within 12 months of the date of this memorandum and comply with the timeframes for specific actions specified therein; and
(2) within 90 days of the date of this memorandum, create a page on its website, located at www.[agency].gov/digitalstrategy, to publicly report progress in meeting the requirements of the Strategy in a machine-readable format.
This memorandum shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations, and with appropriate protections for privacy and civil liberties.
The Director of the Office of Management and Budget is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.