Fla. Admin. Code Ann. R. 62-555.320 - Design and Construction of Public Water Systems
Public water systems shall be designed and constructed to provide sufficient drinking water of a quality that will meet all applicable standards in Chapters 62-550, F.A.C., and requirements in this chapter. This section addresses the design and construction of all public water system components other than wells (but including well pumping equipment and appurtenances). Public water system wells are addressed in Chapters 62-524 and 62-532, and Rule 62-555.315, F.A.C.
(1) Sound Engineering Practice. New or
altered public water system components shall be designed in accordance with
sound engineering practice. Engineering references are listed in Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C.
(2) Innovative or Alternative Processes and
Equipment. The Department encourages the development of new treatment processes
and equipment. However, construction permits for innovative or alternative
treatment processes or equipment (i.e., treatment processes or equipment not
covered in the engineering references listed in Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.) shall
not be issued unless construction permit applicants include in the preliminary
design report or design data accompanying their permit application supporting
information demonstrating to the Department that the process or equipment is
capable of consistently and reliably producing drinking water meeting
applicable standards in Chapter 62-550, F.A.C., and requirements in this
chapter. Supporting information shall include the following:
(a) The manufacturer's technical
information;
(b) Data and reports
from full-scale or pilot-plant installations that are operated under conditions
comparable to those for which the process or equipment is being proposed and
that are operated for a sufficient time to verify satisfactory performance of
the process or equipment; and,
(c)
Operation and maintenance requirements and availability of technical
support.
(3) Direct or
Indirect Drinking Water Additives.
(a)
Drinking water additives and treatment chemicals, including chemicals used to
regenerate ion-exchange resins or generate disinfectants on site at treatment
plants, shall conform to one of the following:
1. NSF International Standard 60 as adopted
in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.,
2. The standards in Water Chemicals
Codex as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C., or
3. The standards in Food Chemicals
Codex as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.
(b) Newly installed or constructed public
water system (PWS) components that come into contact with drinking water or
drinking water treatment chemicals shall conform to the applicable standards,
regulations, or requirements referenced in subparagraphs 1. through 3., below.
Fire hydrants are not covered by this paragraph; and mechanical devices that
were previously installed in a PWS and then are removed, repaired or
refurbished, and reinstalled in the same PWS are not covered by this paragraph.
In addition, this paragraph does not apply to PWS components that either come
into contact with drinking water prior to its treatment by reverse osmosis or
come into contact with drinking water treatment chemicals and that are
installed or constructed under a construction permit for which the Department
received a complete application before August 28, 2003.
1. Except for ion-exchange resins, precast or
cast-in-place concrete structures, and cement mortar, which are addressed in
subparagraphs 2. and 3., below, newly installed or constructed PWS components
that come into contact with drinking water or drinking water treatment
chemicals shall conform to one of the following:
a. NSF International Standard 61 as adopted
in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.,
b. NSF
International Standard 42, 44, 53, 55, 58, or 62 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335,
F.A.C.,
c. Section 6 of NSF
International Standard 14 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C., or
2. Newly
installed ion-exchange resins that come into contact with drinking water shall
be part of an ion-exchange water softener that conforms to NSF International
Standard 44 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C., or shall conform to one of
the following:
a. NSF International Standard
61 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C., or
b. The Food and Drug Administration's
regulations for secondary direct food additives from ion-exchange resins as
contained in the April 1, 2002, revision of
21 CFR
173.25, which is incorporated herein by
reference.
3. Any newly
installed or constructed precast or cast-in-place concrete structure or newly
installed cement mortar that is not coated by a barrier material meeting the
requirements of subparagraph 1., above, and that comes into contact with
drinking water or drinking water treatment chemicals shall meet the following
requirements:
a. All cement, admixtures, form
release agents, curing compounds, and sealers used in or on the concrete or
mortar shall conform to NSF International Standard 61 as adopted in Rule
62-555.335, F.A.C.
b. Aggregate
used in the concrete or mortar shall be clean (i.e., free of excess clay, silt,
mica, organic matter, chemical salts, and coated grains) and shall be
essentially free of those metals and radionuclides regulated under applicable
primary drinking water standards.
c. Water used in the concrete or mortar shall
meet applicable primary drinking water standards for inorganics, organics, and
radionuclides.
(c) To determine or document whether drinking
water additives or treatment chemicals or public water system components
conform to the standards, regulations, or requirements listed in paragraph (a)
or (b), above, suppliers of water or construction permit applicants may conduct
their own evaluations or may rely upon third-party or manufacturer
certifications.
(d) The Department
shall allow exceptions to the requirements in paragraph (b), above, if
suppliers of water or construction permit applicants provide the following:
1. Documentation that components conforming
to the applicable standards, regulations, or requirements in paragraph (b), are
not readily available; and,
2.
Assurance that the components being provided will not impart into drinking
water or drinking water treatment chemicals any contaminant in an amount that
could cause adverse human health effects.
(4) Flood Protection. Community water systems
(CWSs) shall be designed and constructed so that structures, and electrical or
mechanical equipment, used to treat, pump, or store drinking water, apply
drinking water treatment chemicals, or handle drinking water treatment
residuals are protected from physical damage by the 100-year flood and, in
coastal areas subject to flooding by wave action, from physical damage by the
100-year wave action. Additionally, CWSs shall be designed and constructed so
that the aforementioned structures and equipment remain fully operational and
accessible during the 25-year flood and, in coastal areas subject to flooding
by wave action, the 25-year wave action; a lesser flood or wave action may be
used if suppliers of water or construction permit applicants provide
justification for using a lesser flood or wave action, but in no case shall
less than the ten-year flood or wave action be used.
(5) Security. Drinking water treatment or
pumping facilities shall be enclosed by fences with lockable access gates,
housed in lockable buildings or enclosures, or otherwise protected to prevent
tampering, vandalism, and sabotage. Finished-drinking-water storage facilities
shall be enclosed by fences with lockable access gates, shall have lockable
access openings and lockable cages or enclosures obstructing access to ladders,
or shall be otherwise protected to prevent tampering, vandalism, and
sabotage.
(6) Capacity of Drinking
Water Source and Treatment Facilities. The total capacity of all water source
and treatment facilities connected to a water system shall at least equal the
water system's design maximum-day water demand (including design fire-flow
demand if fire protection is being provided). Applicants for a permit to
construct or alter a drinking water treatment plant's source water or treatment
facilities shall establish in the preliminary design report or drawings,
specifications, and design data accompanying their permit application the
design maximum-day capacity of the plant's source water facilities and the
plant's treatment facilities and, if the plant is being designed to meet peak
water demand or to supplement finished-drinking-water storage facilities in
meeting peak water demand, the design peak capacity of the plant's source water
facilities and the plant's treatment facilities. In turn, the Department shall
specify in its construction permit for the plant's new or altered source water
or treatment facilities the permitted maximum-day operating capacity of the
plant and, if the plant is being designed to meet peak water demand or to
supplement finished-water storage facilities in meeting peak water demand, the
permitted peak operating capacity of the plant. The Department shall not
specify a permitted plant operating capacity greater than the design capacity
of the plant's treatment facilities as established by the applicant. However,
the Department shall specify a permitted plant operating capacity less than the
design capacity of the plant's treatment facilities if the actual design
capacity of the plant's source water facilities, regardless of any water use
permit limitations set by the water management district, is less than the
design capacity of the plant's treatment facilities; in such a case:
(a) The construction permit for the plant's
new or altered source water or treatment facilities shall indicate the design
capacity of the plant's treatment facilities, shall state that permitted plant
operating capacity is being limited because of the actual design capacity of
the plant's source water facilities, and shall specify a permitted plant
operating capacity equal to the actual design capacity of the plant's source
water facilities.
(b) Each
subsequent construction permit for new or altered source water facilities for
the plant shall update the permitted plant operating capacity as
appropriate.
(7) Raw
Surface Water Pumping Stations. At each raw surface water pumping station that
is constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department
receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is
connected to a community water system (CWS) serving, or designed to serve, 350
or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall
provide an installed or uninstalled standby pump of sufficient capacity to
replace the largest pump. However, for CWSs that have multiple pumping stations
subject to this requirement, the supplier of water may provide one uninstalled
standby pump for each size of raw surface water pump installed in the water
system instead of providing a standby pump on site at each raw surface water
pumping station; and for CWSs that have only one pumping station subject to
this requirement and that are designed to serve 10, 000 or fewer persons, as
many as three water systems located in the same county, or within 50 miles of
one another, may enter into a mutual aid agreement to share one appropriately
sized, uninstalled standby pump instead of providing a standby pump on site at
each water system's raw surface water pumping station.
(8) Well Pump Housing, Well Pump Discharge
Piping, and Well Pump Appurtenances.
(a)
Housing of Well Pumps.
1. Well pumps shall be
housed in a weatherproof building, room, or pit unless the pumps are
submersible or completely weatherproof, in which case the pumps need only be
protected against tampering, vandalism, and sabotage in accordance with
subsection (5), above.
2. Well
pumphouses (i.e., buildings or rooms) for which the Department receives a
complete construction permit application on or after August 28, 2003, shall
have a concrete floor that is elevated above the adjacent finished ground
surface and that is sloped to drain away from wells and well pumps. In
addition, such well pumphouses shall have an access opening or removable roof
or walls as necessary to provide full access for servicing wells and well
pumps.
3. Well pump pits are
allowed only where the finished ground surface is above the 100-year flood
elevation and, in coastal areas subject to flooding by wave action, the
100-year wave-action elevation. All pump pit access openings shall have
watertight covers or shall be flanged upward and provided with overlapping
covers, and all pump pits shall be drained by gravity or by dual sump pumps
with an alarm system that is activated in the event either sump pump fails.
Sump pump alarm systems shall include an audio-visual alarm near the pump pit,
and if the pump pit is not at a site staffed 24 hours per day and seven days
per week, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed 24 hours per
day and seven days per week, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or
paging device, to enable notification of an authorized representative of the
supplier of water. Pump pits for which the Department receives a complete
construction permit application on or after August 28, 2003, shall have an
opening as necessary to provide full access for servicing wells and well pumps
and shall have a concrete floor sloped to drain away from wells and well
pumps.
(b) Well Pump
Discharge Piping.
1. New or altered discharge
piping shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 3.2.7.3 in
Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into
Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., except that a check valve is not required in the
discharge piping from a jet pump and except that the required smooth-nosed
sampling tap shall be located as specified in subparagraph 2., below.
2. The discharge piping from each well pump
shall include a smooth-nosed tap for sampling raw well water. All such sampling
taps shall be located upstream of the check valve in the discharge piping if
possible and upstream of all treatment facilities and chemical application
points; shall be located at least 12 inches above the finished floor, pad, or
ground surface below the tap; and shall be conveniently accessible and
downward-opening. Raw well water sampling taps installed on or after August 28,
2003, except those installed under a construction permit for which the
Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003, shall have
no interior or exterior threads.
(c) Well Vents. Well pumps installed on or
after August 28, 2003, except those installed under a construction permit for
which the Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003,
shall pump from a well that is vented to the atmosphere unless the well pump is
a packer-type jet pump, the well casing also serves as well pump suction
piping, the well is a flowing artesian well, there is no appreciable drawdown
in the well, or the supplier of water provides justification for not venting
the well to the atmosphere. All well vents shall terminate at least 12 inches
above the 100-year flood elevation and, in coastal areas subject to flooding by
wave action, at least 12 inches above the 100-year wave-action elevation. New
or altered well vents shall be designed and constructed in accordance with
Section 3.2.7.5 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as
incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
(9) Odor Control at Drinking Water Treatment
Plants. Drinking water treatment plants shall comply with the objectionable
odor prohibition under subsection
62-296.320(2),
F.A.C. ("Objectionable odor" is defined in Rule
62-210.200, F.A.C.) Applicants
for a permit to construct or alter drinking water treatment facilities, except
those applicants who have submitted a complete application to the Department
before August 28, 2003, shall provide in the preliminary design report or
drawings, specifications, and design data accompanying their permit application
assurance of compliance with subsection
62-296.320(2),
F.A.C. Assurance of compliance may be based upon water quality data; use of
appropriate water treatment processes and chemicals; proper treatment of vented
gases; use of mitigative measures such as buffer zones owned or under the
control of the supplier of water; etc.
(10) Color Coding of Piping at Drinking Water
Treatment Plants. All new or altered, aboveground piping at drinking water
treatment plants shall be color coded and labeled as recommended in Section
2.14 of Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated
into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C. In addition, all underground water main pipe that
is installed at drinking water treatment plants on or after August 28, 2003,
and that is conveying finished drinking water shall be color coded as required
under subparagraph 62-555.320(21)(b)
3., F.A.C. This subsection does not apply to drinking water treatment plant
piping installed or altered under a construction permit for which the
Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003.
(11) Alarms for Nitrate/Nitrite Removal
Equipment. An alarm system shall be provided for any drinking water treatment
plant equipment that is installed or altered under a construction permit for
which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28,
2003, and that is necessary to achieve compliance with the primary drinking
water standard for nitrate or nitrite. The alarm system shall be activated in
the event of equipment failure and shall include an audio-visual alarm at the
plant. If the plant is not staffed during all hours the plant is in operation,
the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed during all hours the
plant is in operation, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or
paging device, to enable notification of an appropriately licensed water
treatment plant operator.
(12)
Disinfection of Drinking Water. All suppliers of water shall provide continuous
disinfection of the drinking water they distribute. The necessary equipment and
tanks shall be designed to comply with the applicable requirements in
paragraphs (a) through (d), below, and subsections
62-555.350(5) and
(6), F.A.C. Applicants for a permit to
construct or alter disinfection facilities at a drinking water treatment plant
where the requirements in paragraph (a) or (b), below, apply shall establish in
the preliminary design report or drawings, specifications, and design data
accompanying their permit application the following: the design level of
Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, or virus inactivation to be
achieved by disinfection; if chemical disinfection is being used to achieve
Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation, the design minimum
residual disinfectant concentration (C) before, or at the first customer and
the corresponding design minimum disinfectant contact time (T); and if
ultraviolet disinfection is being used to achieve Cryptosporidium,
Giardia lamblia, or virus inactivation, the design minimum
ultraviolet dose.
(a) Suppliers of water using
surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water shall
comply with applicable requirements under Rule
62-550.817, F.A.C.
(b) Suppliers of water using ground water
that is not under the direct influence of surface water but that is from a well
considered microbially contaminated or susceptible to microbial contamination
per paragraph 62-555.315 (6)(b) or (f),
F.A.C., shall provide treatment that reliably achieves at least four-log (99.99
percent) inactivation or removal of viruses before or at the first customer at
all flow rates. Additionally, by no later than December 31, 2005, suppliers of
water using ground water that is not under the direct influence of surface
water but that is exposed during treatment to the open atmosphere and possible
microbial contamination shall provide treatment that reliably achieves at least
four-log inactivation or removal of viruses before or at the first customer at
all flow rates. For the purpose of this paragraph, aerators and other
facilities that are protected against contamination from birds, insects,
wind-borne debris, rainfall, and drainage are not considered to be exposing
water to the open atmosphere and possible microbial contamination. Direct
filtration and diatomaceous-earth filtration are considered to be achieving
one-log (90 percent) removal of viruses when properly operated, and
conventional filtration treatment and slow sand filtration are considered to be
achieving two-log (99 percent) removal of viruses when properly operated.
Chemical disinfection using free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or ozone and
chemical disinfection using chloramines with chlorine added prior to ammonia
are considered to be achieving two-log, three-log (99.9 percent), or four-log
inactivation of viruses when meeting the applicable CT value listed in Appendix
E of the Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and
Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water
Sources as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.
(c) Disinfectant contact time shall be
calculated or determined as described in the definition of "disinfectant
contact time" under Rule
62-550.200, F.A.C.
(d) All suppliers of water shall maintain a
minimum free chlorine residual of 0.2 milligram per liter, or a minimum
combined chlorine residual of 0.6 milligram per liter or an equivalent chlorine
dioxide residual, throughout their drinking water distribution system at all
times.
(13) Chlorination
Facilities for Disinfection of Drinking Water.
(a) Gas Chlorination Facilities.
1. New chlorinators shall be the
vacuum-operated, solution-feed type.
2. Chlorinator capacity shall be such that
any applicable minimum CT value and the minimum residual disinfectant level
specified in paragraph
62-555.320(12)(d),
and subsection 62-555.350(6),
F.A.C., can be maintained when maximum chlorine demand coincides with maximum
flow rate at the point of chlorine application.
3. At each drinking water treatment plant
that is using gas chlorination facilities to achieve Giardia
lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance with paragraph
62-555.320(12)(a) or
(b), F.A.C.; at each treatment plant that is
using gas chlorination facilities for disinfection and that is connected to a
community water system (CWS) having an actual or design average daily chlorine
consumption equaling or exceeding ten pounds per day; and at each treatment
plant that has gas chlorine disinfection facilities constructed or altered
under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete
application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a CWS
serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service
connections, the supplier of water shall provide installed or uninstalled
standby gas chlorination equipment (i.e., a standby chlorinator, including a
standby vacuum regulator and a standby eductor, which is also referred to as an
injector or ejector; a standby booster pump where booster pumps are used; and a
standby evaporator where evaporators are used) of sufficient capacity to
replace the largest equipment. However, for water systems that have multiple
interconnected plants subject to this requirement, the supplier of water may
provide one uninstalled standby for each type and size of gas chlorination
equipment installed in the water system instead of providing standby gas
chlorination equipment on site at each plant; and for water systems that have
only one plant subject to this requirement and that are designed to serve 10,
000 or fewer persons, as many as three water systems located in the same
county, or within 50 miles of one another, may enter into a mutual aid
agreement to share appropriately sized, uninstalled standby gas chlorination
equipment instead of providing standby gas chlorination equipment onsite at
each water system's plant.
4. At
each drinking water treatment plant that is using gas chlorination facilities
to achieve Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance
with paragraph 62-555.320(12)(a) or
(b), F.A.C.; at each treatment plant that is
using gas chlorination facilities for disinfection and that is connected to a
community water system (CWS) having an actual or design average daily chlorine
consumption equaling or exceeding ten pounds per day; and at each treatment
plant that has gas chlorine disinfection facilities constructed or altered
under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete
application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a CWS
serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service
connections, the supplier of water shall provide devices for automatic
switch-over of chlorine cylinders or containers.
5. Chlorine shall be fed into drinking water
proportional to flow. Where the flow rate is reasonably constant, this may be
accomplished by electrically interconnecting gas chlorination equipment with
well or service pumps or by otherwise designing gas chlorination equipment to
operate only when well or service pumps operate. Automatic flow proportioning
control of chlorinators shall be provided where the flow rate fluctuates
significantly. Furthermore, automatic residual control of chlorinators shall be
provided where the chlorine demand fluctuates significantly, and automatic
compound-loop control of chlorinators shall be provided where both the flow
rate and the chlorine demand fluctuate significantly.
6. Scales shall be provided to accurately
weigh chlorine cylinders or containers in use.
7. Chlorine shall be rapidly and thoroughly
mixed with all drinking water being treated.
8. Chlorine storage and feed facilities shall
be located in a room or area separate from other operating areas. If chlorine
storage or feed facilities are enclosed in a room, the room shall be located at
ground level and shall be provided with floor-level ventilation. New or altered
chlorine rooms shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section
5.4.1 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated
into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C. If chlorine
storage or feed facilities are not enclosed in a room, they shall be shielded
from direct sunlight and rain and shall be located at ground level in an area
that either has adequate natural ventilation or is equipped with a mechanical
ventilation system. For the purpose of this subparagraph, an area is considered
to have adequate natural ventilation if walls are not completely obstructing
more than one side of the perimeter of the area. New or altered mechanical
ventilation systems for chlorine storage or feed areas shall meet applicable
requirements in Section 5.4.1.c of Recommended Standards for Water
Works as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C.
9. At each drinking water treatment plant
that is using gas chlorination facilities to achieve Giardia
lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance with paragraph
62-555.320(12)(a) or
(b), F.A.C., and at each treatment plant that
is using gas chlorination facilities for disinfection and that is connected to
a community water system serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or
150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall provide an
audio-visual alarm system that is activated by high- and low-vacuum switches, a
continuous chlorine residual analyzer, or a continuous oxidation-reduction
potential meter to indicate loss of chlorination capability or chlorine
residual. If the plant is not staffed during all hours the plant is in
operation, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed during all
hours the plant is in operation, or shall trigger an automatic telephone
dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an appropriately licensed
water treatment plant operator.
10.
Suppliers of water shall provide the following safety or protective equipment
at drinking water treatment plants with gas chlorination facilities.
a. At each treatment plant with gas
chlorination facilities, the supplier of water shall provide in a convenient
location, but not inside any room where chlorine is stored or handled, a
self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) meeting the requirements of the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. However, for water
systems that have multiple interconnected plants withdrawing chlorine from only
150-pound or smaller cylinders, the supplier of water may provide an SCBA in
each vehicle used by plant operators instead of providing an SCBA at each plant
withdrawing chlorine from only 150-pound or smaller cylinders.
b. At each treatment plant with gas
chlorination facilities, the supplier of water shall provide appropriate
protective equipment in accordance with Table 15.5 in Water Treatment
Plant Design as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C., except that
the supplier of water shall provide a self-contained breathing apparatus in
accordance with sub-subparagraph a., above, instead of providing a gas mask in
accordance with this sub-subparagraph and Table 15.5.
c. At each treatment plant withdrawing
chlorine from ton containers or tank cars or trucks, the supplier of water
shall provide continuous chlorine leak detection equipment that is connected to
an alarm system. The alarm system shall include an audio-visual alarm at the
plant, and if the plant is not staffed 24 hours per day and seven days per
week, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed 24 hours per day
and seven days per week, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or
paging device, to enable notification of an authorized representative of the
supplier of water.
d. At each
treatment plant withdrawing chlorine from ton containers or tank cars or
trucks, the supplier of water shall provide an emergency chlorine leak repair
kit meeting the requirements of the Chlorine
Institute.
(b)
Hypochlorination Facilities.
1. New
hypochlorinators shall be positive displacement metering pumps or accurate
vacuum-operated dosers.
2.
Hypochlorinator capacity shall be such that any applicable minimum CT value and
the minimum residual disinfectant level specified in paragraph
62-555.320(12)(d),
and subsection 62-555.350(6),
F.A.C., can be maintained when maximum chlorine demand coincides with maximum
flow rate at the point of hypochlorite application.
3. At each drinking water treatment plant
that is using hypochlorination facilities to achieve Giardia lamblia or virus
inactivation in accordance with paragraph
62-555.320(12)(a) or
(b), F.A.C.; at each treatment plant that is
using hypochlorination facilities for disinfection and that is connected to a
community water system (CWS) having an actual or design average daily chlorine
consumption equaling or exceeding ten pounds per day; and at each treatment
plant that has hypochlorite disinfection facilities constructed or altered
under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete
application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a CWS
serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service
connections, the supplier of water shall provide installed or uninstalled
standby hypochlorination equipment (i.e., a standby electrolytic generator and
brine pump where sodium hypochlorite is generated on site; a standby metering
pump where metering pumps are used; a standby doser, including a standby vacuum
regulator and a standby eductor, which is also referred to as an injector or
ejector, where vacuum-operated dosers are used; and a standby booster pump
where booster pumps are used) of sufficient capacity to replace the largest
equipment. However, for water systems that have multiple interconnected plants
subject to this requirement, the supplier of water may provide one uninstalled
standby for each type and size of hypochlorination equipment installed in the
water system instead of providing standby hypochlorination equipment on site at
each plant; and for water systems that have only one plant subject to this
requirement and that are designed to serve 10, 000 or fewer persons, as many as
three water systems located in the same county, or within 50 miles of one
another, may enter into a mutual aid agreement to share appropriately sized,
uninstalled standby hypochlorination equipment instead of providing standby
hypochlorination equipment on site at each water system's plant.
4. Hypochlorite shall be fed into drinking
water proportional to flow. Where the flow rate is reasonably constant, this
may be accomplished by electrically interconnecting hypochlorination equipment
with well or service pumps or by otherwise designing hypochlorination equipment
to operate only when well or service pumps operate. Automatic flow
proportioning control of hypochlorinators shall be provided where the flow rate
fluctuates significantly. Furthermore, automatic residual control of
hypochlorinators shall be provided where the chlorine demand fluctuates
significantly, and automatic compound-loop control of hypochlorinators shall be
provided where both the flow and the chlorine demand fluctuate
significantly.
5. Hypochlorite
metering pumps shall have antisiphon protection. For new or altered
hypochlorination facilities, the antisiphon protection for metering pumps shall
be in accordance with Section 5.1.5 in Recommended Standards for Water
Works as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C.
6. For sodium hypochlorite facilities that
are constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department
receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that include a
metering pump:
a. The pump shall be located as
close as possible to, and lower than, the hypochlorite source with the pump
suction line sloping upward from the pump to the hypochlorite source,
or
b. The hypochlorite facilities
shall be otherwise designed to prevent gas binding of the
pump.
7. For
hypochlorination facilities constructed or altered under a construction permit
for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28,
2003:
a. Hypochlorinator suction lines shall
be located with the intake above the bottom of the hypochlorite container or
shall be equipped with a strainer, or
b. The hypochlorination facilities shall be
otherwise designed to avoid feeding sediment into the drinking
water.
8. Sodium
hypochlorite shall not be stored or handled together with any acid or any
ammonia or organic compound, and calcium hypochlorite shall not be stored or
handled together with any acid or any combustible, organic, or oxidizable
material. The storage of sodium hypochlorite shall be carefully managed to
limit degradation of the hypochlorite and to limit formation of chlorate;
alternative approaches for managing sodium hypochlorite storage are discussed
on page 243 in Water Treatment Plant Design as incorporated
into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C. Tanks for
bulk storage of sodium hypochlorite shall have a liquid-level indicator, a
vent, and an overflow discharging to a basin capable of containing accidental
spills or overflows without uncontrolled discharge. Where bulk storage of
sodium hypochlorite is provided, a day tank also shall be provided unless there
is an alternative means for accurately measuring the daily amount of
hypochlorite fed and there are alternative safeguards (e.g., continuous
chlorine residual monitoring; audio-visual alarms activated by high chlorine
residual levels; and staffing at the water treatment plant, or at a monitoring
and control center for the plant, during all hours the plant is in operation)
that maintain a similar level of protection against overfeeding of
hypochlorite. Sodium hypochlorite bulk storage tanks that are installed on or
after August 28, 2003, and that cannot be completely drained to a day tank
shall be equipped with a valved drain to allow for complete drainage and
periodic cleaning of the bulk storage tank; however, this requirement does not
apply to bulk storage tanks installed under a construction permit for which the
Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003.
9. Hypochlorite solution or day tanks shall
have a lid or cover, shall have a valved drain, and shall be scale-mounted or
have a means for measuring the liquid level in the tank. For new or altered
hypochlorination facilities, solution or day tanks shall be designed and
constructed in accordance with Sections 5.1.10 and 5.1.11 in
Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into
Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
10.
Hypochlorite shall be rapidly and thoroughly mixed with all drinking water
being treated.
11. Housing for new
or altered hypochlorite storage or feed facilities shall be designed and
constructed in accordance with Section 5.1.14 in Recommended Standards
for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C. Waste
hydrogen from onsite sodium hypochlorite generation systems constructed or
altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a
complete application on or after August 28, 2003, shall be vented directly to
the outside atmosphere using a dilution air blower as necessary to ensure the
concentration of hydrogen always will be below the explosion level.
12. At each drinking water treatment plant
that is using hypochlorination facilities to achieve Giardia
lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance with paragraph
62-555.320(12)(a) or
(b), F.A.C., and at each treatment plant that
has hypochlorite disinfection facilities constructed or altered under a
construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on
or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a CWS serving, or designed
to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier
of water shall provide an audio-visual alarm system that is activated by high-
and low-pressure switches, a low-flow switch or flow meter, high- and
low-vacuum switches, a continuous chlorine residual analyzer, or a continuous
oxidation-reduction potential meter to indicate loss of hypochlorination
capability or chlorine residual. If the plant is not staffed during all hours
the plant is in operation, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place
staffed during all hours the plant is in operation, or shall trigger an
automatic telephone dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an
appropriately licensed water treatment plant operator.
13. At each drinking water treatment plant
with hypochlorination facilities, the supplier of water shall provide
appropriate safety or protective equipment in accordance with Table 15.5 in
Water Treatment Plant Design as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330,
F.A.C.
(14)
Standby Power.
(a) By no later than December
31, 2005, each community water system (CWS) serving, or designed to serve, 350
or more persons or 150 or more service connections shall provide standby power
for operation of that portion of the system's water source, treatment, and
pumping facilities necessary to deliver drinking water meeting all applicable
primary or secondary standards at a rate at least equal to the average daily
water demand for the system. If a CWS interconnects with another CWS to meet
this requirement, the portion of the combined systems' components provided with
standby power shall be sufficient to deliver water at a rate at least equal to
the average daily water demand for the combined systems.
(b) Where standby power is required under
paragraph (a), above, it shall be provided through:
1. Connection to at least two independent
power feeds from separate substations, or
2. One or more auxiliary power sources (i.e.,
generators or engines).
(c) Where standby power is required under
paragraph (a), above, and is provided through connection to independent power
feeds from separate substations, the power feeds shall not be located in the
same conduit or supported from the same utility pole and, if overhead power
feeds are used, shall not cross or be located in an area where a single
plausible occurrence (e.g., a fallen tree) could disrupt both power
feeds.
(d) Where standby power is
required under paragraph (a), above, and is provided through an auxiliary power
source, an in-place auxiliary power source is preferred. A portable auxiliary
power source may be provided only if all of the following conditions are met:
1. A system to automatically start up the
auxiliary power source and transfer electrical loads is not required under
paragraph (e), below.
2. The
supplier of water demonstrates that the water system has first priority for use
of the portable auxiliary power source.
3. The supplier of water demonstrates that
the portable auxiliary power source will at all times be in reasonably close
proximity to (i.e., within 25 miles of) the water system components for which
standby power is required.
(e) Where standby power is required under
paragraph (a), above, and the time delay required to manually transfer
electrical loads from one power source to another could result in failure to
maintain the minimum water distribution system pressure required under
subsection 62-555.350(7),
F.A.C., the supplier of water shall provide a system to automatically start up
the auxiliary power source if an auxiliary power source is provided and to
automatically transfer electrical loads.
(f) At each site where standby power is
required under paragraph (a), above, the supplier of water shall provide by
December 31, 2005, an audio-visual alarm system that is activated in the event
any power source fails. If the site is not staffed during all hours the
standby-powered water system components are in operation, the alarm also shall
be telemetered to a place staffed during all hours the standby-powered water
system components are in operation, or shall trigger an automatic telephone
dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an authorized
representative of the supplier of water.
(15) High-Service or Booster Pumps. For
purposes of this subsection, well pump installations shall be considered
high-service pumping stations if the well pumps serve as high-service pumps.
(a) Unless elevated finished-drinking-water
storage is provided, the total capacity of all high-service pumping stations
connected to a water system, or the capacity of a booster pumping station,
shall be sufficient to:
1. Meet at least the
water system's, or the booster station service area's, peak-hour water demand
(and if fire protection is being provided, meet at least the water system's, or
the booster station service area's, design fire-flow rate plus a background
water demand equivalent to the maximum-day demand other than fire-flow demand);
and,
2. Maintain a minimum gauge
pressure of 20 pounds per square inch throughout the water system's, or the
booster station service area's, distribution system up to each customer's point
of connection to the distribution system.
(b) Where elevated finished-drinking-water
storage is provided, the total capacity of all high-service pumping stations
connected to a water system, or the capacity of a booster pumping station,
shall be sufficient to at least meet the water system's, or the booster station
service area's, maximum-day water demand (including design fire-flow demand if
fire protection is being provided) and to maintain distribution system pressure
as specified in subparagraph
62-555.320(15)(a)
2., F.A.C. In addition, the total capacity of the high-service pumping
stations, or the capacity of the booster pumping station, combined with the
useful elevated finished-water storage capacity shall be sufficient to meet the
water system's, or the booster station service area's, peak-hour water demand
for at least four consecutive hours (and if fire protection is being provided,
shall be sufficient to meet the water system's, or the booster station service
area's, design fire-flow rate plus a background water demand equivalent to the
maximum-day demand other than fire-flow demand for the design fire-flow
duration).
(c) At each high-service
or booster pumping station that is constructed or altered under a construction
permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after
August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a community water system (CWS)
serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service
connections, the supplier of water shall provide an installed or uninstalled
standby pump of sufficient capacity to replace the largest pump. However, for
CWSs that have multiple interconnected pumping stations subject to this
requirement, the supplier of water may provide one uninstalled standby pump for
each size of high-service or booster pump installed in the water system instead
of providing a standby pump on site at each high-service or booster pumping
station; and for water systems that have only one pumping station subject to
this requirement and that are designed to serve 10, 000 or fewer persons, as
many as three water systems located in the same county, or within 50 miles of
one another, may enter into a mutual aid agreement to share one appropriately
sized, uninstalled standby pump instead of providing a standby pump on site at
each water system's high-service or booster pumping
station.
(16)
Finished-Drinking-Water Meters. All water treatment plants that are connected
to a community water system and water treatment plants that are connected to a
non-community water system and that are constructed or altered under a
construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on
or after August 28, 2003, shall be equipped with a totalizing flow meter to
measure the net quantity of finished drinking water, excluding any filter
backwash water, produced at the plant each day. All other drinking water
treatment plants shall be equipped with at least elapsed time meters that can
be used in conjunction with calibrated pumps to measure the net quantity of
finished drinking water produced at the plant each day.
(17) Finished-Drinking-Water Sampling Taps. A
conveniently accessible sampling tap shall be provided at each entry point to a
drinking water distribution system (i.e., at each point where drinking water
source and treatment facilities discharge to a drinking water distribution
system), so that samples of finished drinking water may be taken in accordance
with subsection 62-550.500(5),
F.A.C. Each such sampling tap shall be located downstream from all water
treatment processes at a point where all treatment chemicals have been
thoroughly mixed with the water and shall be located upstream from all water
customers. If a water system draws water from more than one source and combines
the sources before distribution, a single finished-water sampling tap may be
provided downstream from where all of the sources are combined at a point where
all of the sources have been thoroughly mixed together.
(18) Pump Suction Piping. All pump suction
piping that is conveying raw, partially treated, or finished drinking water
shall be protected against infiltration. Pump suction piping that is conveying
raw, partially treated, or finished drinking water and that is constructed or
altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a
complete application on or after August 28, 2003, must be located aboveground
or, if located underground, must be constantly under positive gauge
pressure.
(19)
Finished-Drinking-Water Storage Capacity. This subsection addresses
finished-water storage capacity necessary for operational equalization to meet
peak water demand. (If fire protection is being provided, additional
finished-water storage capacity shall be provided as necessary to meet the
design fire-flow rate for the design fire-flow duration.) The finished-water
storage capacity necessary to meet the peak water demand for a consecutive
system may be provided by the consecutive system or by a wholesale system
delivering water to the consecutive system.
(a) Except as noted in paragraph (b), below,
the total useful finished-water storage capacity (excluding any storage
capacity for fire protection) connected to a water system shall at least equal
25 percent of the system's maximum-day water demand, excluding any design
fire-flow demand.
(b) A total
useful finished-water storage capacity less than that specified in paragraph
(a), above, is acceptable if the supplier of water or construction permit
applicant makes one of the following demonstrations:
1. A demonstration consistent with Section
10.6.3 in Water Distribution Systems Handbook as incorporated
into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., showing that
the water system's total useful finished-water storage capacity (excluding any
storage capacity for fire protection) is sufficient for operational
equalization.
2. A demonstration
showing that, in conjunction with the capacity of the water system's source,
treatment, and finished-water pumping facilities, the water system's total
useful finished-water storage capacity (excluding any storage capacity for fire
protection) is sufficient to meet the water system's peak-hour water demand for
at least four consecutive hours. For small water systems with hydropneumatic
tanks that are installed under a construction permit for which the Department
receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, the supplier of
water or construction permit applicant also shall demonstrate that, in
conjunction with the capacity of the water system's source, treatment, and
finished-water pumping facilities, the water system's total useful
finished-water storage capacity (i.e., the water system's total effective
hydropneumatic tank volume) is sufficient to meet the water system's peak
instantaneous water demand for at least 20 consecutive
minutes.
(20)
Hydropneumatic Tanks. New hydropneumatic tanks, including bladder- or
diaphragm-type tanks, shall be designed and constructed in accordance with
Section 7.2 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as
incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C., except that:
(a) The tanks need not be housed.
(b) Tanks installed on or after August 28,
2003, except those installed under a construction permit for which the
Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003, shall have
an automatic air or pressure relief valve.
(c) Bladder- or diaphragm-type tanks need not
have an access manhole, water sight glass, or means for adding air other than a
recharging valve.
(21)
Drinking Water Piping and Appurtenances.
(a)
All new or altered mains, including treatment plant process piping, and
appurtenances conveying raw or partially treated drinking water shall be
designed and constructed in accordance with Sections 8.0, 8.4, 8.5, and 8.7 in
Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into
Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., except that:
1. Asbestos-cement water mains shall be
pressure and leakage tested in accordance with American Water Works Association
(AWWA) Standard C603 as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C., and
polyvinyl chloride water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in
accordance with AWWA Standard C605 as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C., while all
other types of water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in accordance
with AWWA Standard C600 as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C.
2. Water mains and appurtenances that
normally convey surface water, or ground water under the direct influence of
surface water, and that are located upstream of all filtration and disinfection
treatment facilities need not be disinfected.
3. All water mains and appurtenances other
than those described in subparagraph 2., above, shall be disinfected and
bacteriologically evaluated in accordance with Rule
62-555.340,
F.A.C.
(b) All new or
altered piping, including treatment plant process piping, and appurtenances
conveying finished drinking water shall be designed and constructed in
accordance with Sections 8.0 through 8.5 and 8.7 through 8.11 in
Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into
Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., except that:
1. Asbestos-cement water mains shall be
pressure and leakage tested in accordance with American Water Works Association
(AWWA) Standard C603 as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C., and
polyvinyl chloride water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in
accordance with AWWA Standard C605 as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C., while all
other types of water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in accordance
with AWWA Standard C600 as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C.
2. All water mains and appurtenances shall be
disinfected and bacteriologically evaluated in accordance with Rule 62-555.340,
F.A.C.
3. All water main pipe,
including fittings, installed on or after August 28, 2003, except pipe
installed under a construction permit for which the Department received a
complete application before August 28, 2003, shall be color coded or marked
using blue as a predominant color to differentiate drinking water from
reclaimed or other water. Underground plastic pipe shall be solid-wall blue
pipe, shall have a co-extruded blue external skin, or shall be white or black
pipe with blue stripes incorporated into, or applied to, the pipe wall; and
underground metal or concrete pipe shall have blue stripes applied to the pipe
wall. Pipe striped during manufacturing of the pipe shall have continuous
stripes that run parallel to the axis of the pipe, that are located at no
greater than 90-degree intervals around the pipe, and that will remain intact
during and after installation of the pipe. If tape or paint is used to stripe
pipe during installation of the pipe, the tape or paint shall be applied in a
continuous line that runs parallel to the axis of the pipe and that is located
along the top of the pipe; for pipes with an internal diameter of 24 inches or
greater, tape or paint shall be applied in continuous lines along each side of
the pipe as well as along the top of the pipe. Aboveground pipe at drinking
water treatment plants shall be color coded and labeled in accordance with
subsection 62-555.320(10),
F.A.C., and all other aboveground pipe shall be painted blue or shall be color
coded or marked like underground pipe.
(c) The Department shall allow the use of
pipe and appurtenances that do not conform to applicable American Water Works
Association (AWWA) standards as incorporated into Rule
62-555.330, F.A.C., only if
suppliers of water or construction permit applicants provide documentation
showing that the alternate pipe and appurtenances provide strength, durability,
reliability, and public health protection at least equal to that provided by
pipe and appurtenances that conform to applicable AWWA
standards.
Notes
Rulemaking Authority 403.861(9) FS. Law Implemented 403.861(7) FS.
New 11-19-87, Formerly 17-22.620, Amended 1-18-89, 5-7-90, 1-1-93, 3-8-94, Formerly 17-555.320, Amended 8-28-03.
State regulations are updated quarterly; we currently have two versions available. Below is a comparison between our most recent version and the prior quarterly release. More comparison features will be added as we have more versions to compare.
Public water systems shall be designed and constructed to provide sufficient drinking water of a quality that will meet all applicable standards in Chapters 62-550, F.A.C., and requirements in this chapter. This section addresses the design and construction of all public water system components other than wells (but including well pumping equipment and appurtenances). Public water system wells are addressed in Chapters 62-524 and 62-532, and Rule 62-555.315, F.A.C.
(1) Sound Engineering Practice. New or altered public water system components shall be designed in accordance with sound engineering practice. Engineering references are listed in Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
(2) Innovative or Alternative Processes and Equipment. The Department encourages the development of new treatment processes and equipment. However, construction permits for innovative or alternative treatment processes or equipment (i.e., treatment processes or equipment not covered in the engineering references listed in Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.) shall not be issued unless construction permit applicants include in the preliminary design report or design data accompanying their permit application supporting information demonstrating to the Department that the process or equipment is capable of consistently and reliably producing drinking water meeting applicable standards in Chapter 62-550, F.A.C., and requirements in this chapter. Supporting information shall include the following:
(a) The manufacturer's technical information;
(b) Data and reports from full-scale or pilot-plant installations that are operated under conditions comparable to those for which the process or equipment is being proposed and that are operated for a sufficient time to verify satisfactory performance of the process or equipment; and,
(c) Operation and maintenance requirements and availability of technical support.
(3) Direct or Indirect Drinking Water Additives.
(a) Drinking water additives and treatment chemicals, including chemicals used to regenerate ion-exchange resins or generate disinfectants on site at treatment plants, shall conform to one of the following:
1. NSF International Standard 60 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.,
2. The standards in Water Chemicals Codex as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C., or
3. The standards in Food Chemicals Codex as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.
(b) Newly installed or constructed public water system (PWS) components that come into contact with drinking water or drinking water treatment chemicals shall conform to the applicable standards, regulations, or requirements referenced in subparagraphs 1. through 3., below. Fire hydrants are not covered by this paragraph; and mechanical devices that were previously installed in a PWS and then are removed, repaired or refurbished, and reinstalled in the same PWS are not covered by this paragraph. In addition, this paragraph does not apply to PWS components that either come into contact with drinking water prior to its treatment by reverse osmosis or come into contact with drinking water treatment chemicals and that are installed or constructed under a construction permit for which the Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003.
1. Except for ion-exchange resins, precast or cast-in-place concrete structures, and cement mortar, which are addressed in subparagraphs 2. and 3., below, newly installed or constructed PWS components that come into contact with drinking water or drinking water treatment chemicals shall conform to one of the following:
a. NSF International Standard 61 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.,
b. NSF International Standard 42, 44, 53, 55, 58, or 62 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.,
c. Section 6 of NSF International Standard 14 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C., or
2. Newly installed ion-exchange resins that come into contact with drinking water shall be part of an ion-exchange water softener that conforms to NSF International Standard 44 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C., or shall conform to one of the following:
a. NSF International Standard 61 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C., or
b. The Food and Drug Administration's regulations for secondary direct food additives from ion-exchange resins as contained in the April 1, 2002, revision of 21 CFR 173.25, which is incorporated herein by reference.
3. Any newly installed or constructed precast or cast-in-place concrete structure or newly installed cement mortar that is not coated by a barrier material meeting the requirements of subparagraph 1., above, and that comes into contact with drinking water or drinking water treatment chemicals shall meet the following requirements:
a. All cement, admixtures, form release agents, curing compounds, and sealers used in or on the concrete or mortar shall conform to NSF International Standard 61 as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.
b. Aggregate used in the concrete or mortar shall be clean (i.e., free of excess clay, silt, mica, organic matter, chemical salts, and coated grains) and shall be essentially free of those metals and radionuclides regulated under applicable primary drinking water standards.
c. Water used in the concrete or mortar shall meet applicable primary drinking water standards for inorganics, organics, and radionuclides.
(c) To determine or document whether drinking water additives or treatment chemicals or public water system components conform to the standards, regulations, or requirements listed in paragraph (a) or (b), above, suppliers of water or construction permit applicants may conduct their own evaluations or may rely upon third-party or manufacturer certifications.
(d) The Department shall allow exceptions to the requirements in paragraph (b), above, if suppliers of water or construction permit applicants provide the following:
1. Documentation that components conforming to the applicable standards, regulations, or requirements in paragraph (b), are not readily available; and,
2. Assurance that the components being provided will not impart into drinking water or drinking water treatment chemicals any contaminant in an amount that could cause adverse human health effects.
(4) Flood Protection. Community water systems (CWSs) shall be designed and constructed so that structures, and electrical or mechanical equipment, used to treat, pump, or store drinking water, apply drinking water treatment chemicals, or handle drinking water treatment residuals are protected from physical damage by the 100-year flood and, in coastal areas subject to flooding by wave action, from physical damage by the 100-year wave action. Additionally, CWSs shall be designed and constructed so that the aforementioned structures and equipment remain fully operational and accessible during the 25-year flood and, in coastal areas subject to flooding by wave action, the 25-year wave action; a lesser flood or wave action may be used if suppliers of water or construction permit applicants provide justification for using a lesser flood or wave action, but in no case shall less than the ten-year flood or wave action be used.
(5) Security. Drinking water treatment or pumping facilities shall be enclosed by fences with lockable access gates, housed in lockable buildings or enclosures, or otherwise protected to prevent tampering, vandalism, and sabotage. Finished-drinking-water storage facilities shall be enclosed by fences with lockable access gates, shall have lockable access openings and lockable cages or enclosures obstructing access to ladders, or shall be otherwise protected to prevent tampering, vandalism, and sabotage.
(6) Capacity of Drinking Water Source and Treatment Facilities. The total capacity of all water source and treatment facilities connected to a water system shall at least equal the water system's design maximum-day water demand (including design fire-flow demand if fire protection is being provided). Applicants for a permit to construct or alter a drinking water treatment plant's source water or treatment facilities shall establish in the preliminary design report or drawings, specifications, and design data accompanying their permit application the design maximum-day capacity of the plant's source water facilities and the plant's treatment facilities and, if the plant is being designed to meet peak water demand or to supplement finished-drinking-water storage facilities in meeting peak water demand, the design peak capacity of the plant's source water facilities and the plant's treatment facilities. In turn, the Department shall specify in its construction permit for the plant's new or altered source water or treatment facilities the permitted maximum-day operating capacity of the plant and, if the plant is being designed to meet peak water demand or to supplement finished-water storage facilities in meeting peak water demand, the permitted peak operating capacity of the plant. The Department shall not specify a permitted plant operating capacity greater than the design capacity of the plant's treatment facilities as established by the applicant. However, the Department shall specify a permitted plant operating capacity less than the design capacity of the plant's treatment facilities if the actual design capacity of the plant's source water facilities, regardless of any water use permit limitations set by the water management district, is less than the design capacity of the plant's treatment facilities; in such a case:
(a) The construction permit for the plant's new or altered source water or treatment facilities shall indicate the design capacity of the plant's treatment facilities, shall state that permitted plant operating capacity is being limited because of the actual design capacity of the plant's source water facilities, and shall specify a permitted plant operating capacity equal to the actual design capacity of the plant's source water facilities.
(b) Each subsequent construction permit for new or altered source water facilities for the plant shall update the permitted plant operating capacity as appropriate.
(7) Raw Surface Water Pumping Stations. At each raw surface water pumping station that is constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a community water system (CWS) serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall provide an installed or uninstalled standby pump of sufficient capacity to replace the largest pump. However, for CWSs that have multiple pumping stations subject to this requirement, the supplier of water may provide one uninstalled standby pump for each size of raw surface water pump installed in the water system instead of providing a standby pump on site at each raw surface water pumping station; and for CWSs that have only one pumping station subject to this requirement and that are designed to serve 10, 000 or fewer persons, as many as three water systems located in the same county, or within 50 miles of one another, may enter into a mutual aid agreement to share one appropriately sized, uninstalled standby pump instead of providing a standby pump on site at each water system's raw surface water pumping station.
(8) Well Pump Housing, Well Pump Discharge Piping, and Well Pump Appurtenances.
(a) Housing of Well Pumps.
1. Well pumps shall be housed in a weatherproof building, room, or pit unless the pumps are submersible or completely weatherproof, in which case the pumps need only be protected against tampering, vandalism, and sabotage in accordance with subsection (5), above.
2. Well pumphouses (i.e., buildings or rooms) for which the Department receives a complete construction permit application on or after August 28, 2003, shall have a concrete floor that is elevated above the adjacent finished ground surface and that is sloped to drain away from wells and well pumps. In addition, such well pumphouses shall have an access opening or removable roof or walls as necessary to provide full access for servicing wells and well pumps.
3. Well pump pits are allowed only where the finished ground surface is above the 100-year flood elevation and, in coastal areas subject to flooding by wave action, the 100-year wave-action elevation. All pump pit access openings shall have watertight covers or shall be flanged upward and provided with overlapping covers, and all pump pits shall be drained by gravity or by dual sump pumps with an alarm system that is activated in the event either sump pump fails. Sump pump alarm systems shall include an audio-visual alarm near the pump pit, and if the pump pit is not at a site staffed 24 hours per day and seven days per week, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed 24 hours per day and seven days per week, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an authorized representative of the supplier of water. Pump pits for which the Department receives a complete construction permit application on or after August 28, 2003, shall have an opening as necessary to provide full access for servicing wells and well pumps and shall have a concrete floor sloped to drain away from wells and well pumps.
(b) Well Pump Discharge Piping.
1. New or altered discharge piping shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 3.2.7.3 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., except that a check valve is not required in the discharge piping from a jet pump and except that the required smooth-nosed sampling tap shall be located as specified in subparagraph 2., below.
2. The discharge piping from each well pump shall include a smooth-nosed tap for sampling raw well water. All such sampling taps shall be located upstream of the check valve in the discharge piping if possible and upstream of all treatment facilities and chemical application points; shall be located at least 12 inches above the finished floor, pad, or ground surface below the tap; and shall be conveniently accessible and downward-opening. Raw well water sampling taps installed on or after August 28, 2003, except those installed under a construction permit for which the Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003, shall have no interior or exterior threads.
(c) Well Vents. Well pumps installed on or after August 28, 2003, except those installed under a construction permit for which the Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003, shall pump from a well that is vented to the atmosphere unless the well pump is a packer-type jet pump, the well casing also serves as well pump suction piping, the well is a flowing artesian well, there is no appreciable drawdown in the well, or the supplier of water provides justification for not venting the well to the atmosphere. All well vents shall terminate at least 12 inches above the 100-year flood elevation and, in coastal areas subject to flooding by wave action, at least 12 inches above the 100-year wave-action elevation. New or altered well vents shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 3.2.7.5 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
(9) Odor Control at Drinking Water Treatment Plants. Drinking water treatment plants shall comply with the objectionable odor prohibition under subsection 62-296.320(2), F.A.C. ("Objectionable odor" is defined in Rule 62-210.200, F.A.C.) Applicants for a permit to construct or alter drinking water treatment facilities, except those applicants who have submitted a complete application to the Department before August 28, 2003, shall provide in the preliminary design report or drawings, specifications, and design data accompanying their permit application assurance of compliance with subsection 62-296.320(2), F.A.C. Assurance of compliance may be based upon water quality data; use of appropriate water treatment processes and chemicals; proper treatment of vented gases; use of mitigative measures such as buffer zones owned or under the control of the supplier of water; etc.
(10) Color Coding of Piping at Drinking Water Treatment Plants. All new or altered, aboveground piping at drinking water treatment plants shall be color coded and labeled as recommended in Section 2.14 of Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C. In addition, all underground water main pipe that is installed at drinking water treatment plants on or after August 28, 2003, and that is conveying finished drinking water shall be color coded as required under subparagraph 62-555.320(21)(b) 3., F.A.C. This subsection does not apply to drinking water treatment plant piping installed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003.
(11) Alarms for Nitrate/Nitrite Removal Equipment. An alarm system shall be provided for any drinking water treatment plant equipment that is installed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is necessary to achieve compliance with the primary drinking water standard for nitrate or nitrite. The alarm system shall be activated in the event of equipment failure and shall include an audio-visual alarm at the plant. If the plant is not staffed during all hours the plant is in operation, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed during all hours the plant is in operation, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an appropriately licensed water treatment plant operator.
(12) Disinfection of Drinking Water. All suppliers of water shall provide continuous disinfection of the drinking water they distribute. The necessary equipment and tanks shall be designed to comply with the applicable requirements in paragraphs (a) through (d), below, and subsections 62-555.350(5) and (6), F.A.C. Applicants for a permit to construct or alter disinfection facilities at a drinking water treatment plant where the requirements in paragraph (a) or (b), below, apply shall establish in the preliminary design report or drawings, specifications, and design data accompanying their permit application the following: the design level of Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, or virus inactivation to be achieved by disinfection; if chemical disinfection is being used to achieve Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation, the design minimum residual disinfectant concentration (C) before, or at the first customer and the corresponding design minimum disinfectant contact time (T); and if ultraviolet disinfection is being used to achieve Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, or virus inactivation, the design minimum ultraviolet dose.
(a) Suppliers of water using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water shall comply with applicable requirements under Rule 62-550.817, F.A.C.
(b) Suppliers of water using ground water that is not under the direct influence of surface water but that is from a well considered microbially contaminated or susceptible to microbial contamination per paragraph 62-555.315 (6)(b) or (f), F.A.C., shall provide treatment that reliably achieves at least four-log (99.99 percent) inactivation or removal of viruses before or at the first customer at all flow rates. Additionally, by no later than December 31, 2005, suppliers of water using ground water that is not under the direct influence of surface water but that is exposed during treatment to the open atmosphere and possible microbial contamination shall provide treatment that reliably achieves at least four-log inactivation or removal of viruses before or at the first customer at all flow rates. For the purpose of this paragraph, aerators and other facilities that are protected against contamination from birds, insects, wind-borne debris, rainfall, and drainage are not considered to be exposing water to the open atmosphere and possible microbial contamination. Direct filtration and diatomaceous-earth filtration are considered to be achieving one-log (90 percent) removal of viruses when properly operated, and conventional filtration treatment and slow sand filtration are considered to be achieving two-log (99 percent) removal of viruses when properly operated. Chemical disinfection using free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or ozone and chemical disinfection using chloramines with chlorine added prior to ammonia are considered to be achieving two-log, three-log (99.9 percent), or four-log inactivation of viruses when meeting the applicable CT value listed in Appendix E of the Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water Sources as adopted in Rule 62-555.335, F.A.C.
(c) Disinfectant contact time shall be calculated or determined as described in the definition of "disinfectant contact time" under Rule 62-550.200, F.A.C.
(d) All suppliers of water shall maintain a minimum free chlorine residual of 0.2 milligram per liter, or a minimum combined chlorine residual of 0.6 milligram per liter or an equivalent chlorine dioxide residual, throughout their drinking water distribution system at all times.
(13) Chlorination Facilities for Disinfection of Drinking Water.
(a) Gas Chlorination Facilities.
1. New chlorinators shall be the vacuum-operated, solution-feed type.
2. Chlorinator capacity shall be such that any applicable minimum CT value and the minimum residual disinfectant level specified in paragraph 62-555.320(12)(d), and subsection 62-555.350(6), F.A.C., can be maintained when maximum chlorine demand coincides with maximum flow rate at the point of chlorine application.
3. At each drinking water treatment plant that is using gas chlorination facilities to achieve Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance with paragraph 62-555.320(12)(a) or (b), F.A.C.; at each treatment plant that is using gas chlorination facilities for disinfection and that is connected to a community water system (CWS) having an actual or design average daily chlorine consumption equaling or exceeding ten pounds per day; and at each treatment plant that has gas chlorine disinfection facilities constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a CWS serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall provide installed or uninstalled standby gas chlorination equipment (i.e., a standby chlorinator, including a standby vacuum regulator and a standby eductor, which is also referred to as an injector or ejector; a standby booster pump where booster pumps are used; and a standby evaporator where evaporators are used) of sufficient capacity to replace the largest equipment. However, for water systems that have multiple interconnected plants subject to this requirement, the supplier of water may provide one uninstalled standby for each type and size of gas chlorination equipment installed in the water system instead of providing standby gas chlorination equipment on site at each plant; and for water systems that have only one plant subject to this requirement and that are designed to serve 10, 000 or fewer persons, as many as three water systems located in the same county, or within 50 miles of one another, may enter into a mutual aid agreement to share appropriately sized, uninstalled standby gas chlorination equipment instead of providing standby gas chlorination equipment onsite at each water system's plant.
4. At each drinking water treatment plant that is using gas chlorination facilities to achieve Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance with paragraph 62-555.320(12)(a) or (b), F.A.C.; at each treatment plant that is using gas chlorination facilities for disinfection and that is connected to a community water system (CWS) having an actual or design average daily chlorine consumption equaling or exceeding ten pounds per day; and at each treatment plant that has gas chlorine disinfection facilities constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a CWS serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall provide devices for automatic switch-over of chlorine cylinders or containers.
5. Chlorine shall be fed into drinking water proportional to flow. Where the flow rate is reasonably constant, this may be accomplished by electrically interconnecting gas chlorination equipment with well or service pumps or by otherwise designing gas chlorination equipment to operate only when well or service pumps operate. Automatic flow proportioning control of chlorinators shall be provided where the flow rate fluctuates significantly. Furthermore, automatic residual control of chlorinators shall be provided where the chlorine demand fluctuates significantly, and automatic compound-loop control of chlorinators shall be provided where both the flow rate and the chlorine demand fluctuate significantly.
6. Scales shall be provided to accurately weigh chlorine cylinders or containers in use.
7. Chlorine shall be rapidly and thoroughly mixed with all drinking water being treated.
8. Chlorine storage and feed facilities shall be located in a room or area separate from other operating areas. If chlorine storage or feed facilities are enclosed in a room, the room shall be located at ground level and shall be provided with floor-level ventilation. New or altered chlorine rooms shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 5.4.1 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C. If chlorine storage or feed facilities are not enclosed in a room, they shall be shielded from direct sunlight and rain and shall be located at ground level in an area that either has adequate natural ventilation or is equipped with a mechanical ventilation system. For the purpose of this subparagraph, an area is considered to have adequate natural ventilation if walls are not completely obstructing more than one side of the perimeter of the area. New or altered mechanical ventilation systems for chlorine storage or feed areas shall meet applicable requirements in Section 5.4.1.c of Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
9. At each drinking water treatment plant that is using gas chlorination facilities to achieve Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance with paragraph 62-555.320(12)(a) or (b), F.A.C., and at each treatment plant that is using gas chlorination facilities for disinfection and that is connected to a community water system serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall provide an audio-visual alarm system that is activated by high- and low-vacuum switches, a continuous chlorine residual analyzer, or a continuous oxidation-reduction potential meter to indicate loss of chlorination capability or chlorine residual. If the plant is not staffed during all hours the plant is in operation, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed during all hours the plant is in operation, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an appropriately licensed water treatment plant operator.
10. Suppliers of water shall provide the following safety or protective equipment at drinking water treatment plants with gas chlorination facilities.
a. At each treatment plant with gas chlorination facilities, the supplier of water shall provide in a convenient location, but not inside any room where chlorine is stored or handled, a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) meeting the requirements of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. However, for water systems that have multiple interconnected plants withdrawing chlorine from only 150-pound or smaller cylinders, the supplier of water may provide an SCBA in each vehicle used by plant operators instead of providing an SCBA at each plant withdrawing chlorine from only 150-pound or smaller cylinders.
b. At each treatment plant with gas chlorination facilities, the supplier of water shall provide appropriate protective equipment in accordance with Table 15.5 in Water Treatment Plant Design as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., except that the supplier of water shall provide a self-contained breathing apparatus in accordance with sub-subparagraph a., above, instead of providing a gas mask in accordance with this sub-subparagraph and Table 15.5.
c. At each treatment plant withdrawing chlorine from ton containers or tank cars or trucks, the supplier of water shall provide continuous chlorine leak detection equipment that is connected to an alarm system. The alarm system shall include an audio-visual alarm at the plant, and if the plant is not staffed 24 hours per day and seven days per week, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed 24 hours per day and seven days per week, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an authorized representative of the supplier of water.
d. At each treatment plant withdrawing chlorine from ton containers or tank cars or trucks, the supplier of water shall provide an emergency chlorine leak repair kit meeting the requirements of the Chlorine Institute.
(b) Hypochlorination Facilities.
1. New hypochlorinators shall be positive displacement metering pumps or accurate vacuum-operated dosers.
2. Hypochlorinator capacity shall be such that any applicable minimum CT value and the minimum residual disinfectant level specified in paragraph 62-555.320(12)(d), and subsection 62-555.350(6), F.A.C., can be maintained when maximum chlorine demand coincides with maximum flow rate at the point of hypochlorite application.
3. At each drinking water treatment plant that is using hypochlorination facilities to achieve Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance with paragraph 62-555.320(12)(a) or (b), F.A.C.; at each treatment plant that is using hypochlorination facilities for disinfection and that is connected to a community water system (CWS) having an actual or design average daily chlorine consumption equaling or exceeding ten pounds per day; and at each treatment plant that has hypochlorite disinfection facilities constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a CWS serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall provide installed or uninstalled standby hypochlorination equipment (i.e., a standby electrolytic generator and brine pump where sodium hypochlorite is generated on site; a standby metering pump where metering pumps are used; a standby doser, including a standby vacuum regulator and a standby eductor, which is also referred to as an injector or ejector, where vacuum-operated dosers are used; and a standby booster pump where booster pumps are used) of sufficient capacity to replace the largest equipment. However, for water systems that have multiple interconnected plants subject to this requirement, the supplier of water may provide one uninstalled standby for each type and size of hypochlorination equipment installed in the water system instead of providing standby hypochlorination equipment on site at each plant; and for water systems that have only one plant subject to this requirement and that are designed to serve 10, 000 or fewer persons, as many as three water systems located in the same county, or within 50 miles of one another, may enter into a mutual aid agreement to share appropriately sized, uninstalled standby hypochlorination equipment instead of providing standby hypochlorination equipment on site at each water system's plant.
4. Hypochlorite shall be fed into drinking water proportional to flow. Where the flow rate is reasonably constant, this may be accomplished by electrically interconnecting hypochlorination equipment with well or service pumps or by otherwise designing hypochlorination equipment to operate only when well or service pumps operate. Automatic flow proportioning control of hypochlorinators shall be provided where the flow rate fluctuates significantly. Furthermore, automatic residual control of hypochlorinators shall be provided where the chlorine demand fluctuates significantly, and automatic compound-loop control of hypochlorinators shall be provided where both the flow and the chlorine demand fluctuate significantly.
5. Hypochlorite metering pumps shall have antisiphon protection. For new or altered hypochlorination facilities, the antisiphon protection for metering pumps shall be in accordance with Section 5.1.5 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
6. For sodium hypochlorite facilities that are constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that include a metering pump:
a. The pump shall be located as close as possible to, and lower than, the hypochlorite source with the pump suction line sloping upward from the pump to the hypochlorite source, or
b. The hypochlorite facilities shall be otherwise designed to prevent gas binding of the pump.
7. For hypochlorination facilities constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003:
a. Hypochlorinator suction lines shall be located with the intake above the bottom of the hypochlorite container or shall be equipped with a strainer, or
b. The hypochlorination facilities shall be otherwise designed to avoid feeding sediment into the drinking water.
8. Sodium hypochlorite shall not be stored or handled together with any acid or any ammonia or organic compound, and calcium hypochlorite shall not be stored or handled together with any acid or any combustible, organic, or oxidizable material. The storage of sodium hypochlorite shall be carefully managed to limit degradation of the hypochlorite and to limit formation of chlorate; alternative approaches for managing sodium hypochlorite storage are discussed on page 243 in Water Treatment Plant Design as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C. Tanks for bulk storage of sodium hypochlorite shall have a liquid-level indicator, a vent, and an overflow discharging to a basin capable of containing accidental spills or overflows without uncontrolled discharge. Where bulk storage of sodium hypochlorite is provided, a day tank also shall be provided unless there is an alternative means for accurately measuring the daily amount of hypochlorite fed and there are alternative safeguards (e.g., continuous chlorine residual monitoring; audio-visual alarms activated by high chlorine residual levels; and staffing at the water treatment plant, or at a monitoring and control center for the plant, during all hours the plant is in operation) that maintain a similar level of protection against overfeeding of hypochlorite. Sodium hypochlorite bulk storage tanks that are installed on or after August 28, 2003, and that cannot be completely drained to a day tank shall be equipped with a valved drain to allow for complete drainage and periodic cleaning of the bulk storage tank; however, this requirement does not apply to bulk storage tanks installed under a construction permit for which the Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003.
9. Hypochlorite solution or day tanks shall have a lid or cover, shall have a valved drain, and shall be scale-mounted or have a means for measuring the liquid level in the tank. For new or altered hypochlorination facilities, solution or day tanks shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Sections 5.1.10 and 5.1.11 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
10. Hypochlorite shall be rapidly and thoroughly mixed with all drinking water being treated.
11. Housing for new or altered hypochlorite storage or feed facilities shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 5.1.14 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C. Waste hydrogen from onsite sodium hypochlorite generation systems constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, shall be vented directly to the outside atmosphere using a dilution air blower as necessary to ensure the concentration of hydrogen always will be below the explosion level.
12. At each drinking water treatment plant that is using hypochlorination facilities to achieve Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation in accordance with paragraph 62-555.320(12)(a) or (b), F.A.C., and at each treatment plant that has hypochlorite disinfection facilities constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a CWS serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall provide an audio-visual alarm system that is activated by high- and low-pressure switches, a low-flow switch or flow meter, high- and low-vacuum switches, a continuous chlorine residual analyzer, or a continuous oxidation-reduction potential meter to indicate loss of hypochlorination capability or chlorine residual. If the plant is not staffed during all hours the plant is in operation, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed during all hours the plant is in operation, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an appropriately licensed water treatment plant operator.
13. At each drinking water treatment plant with hypochlorination facilities, the supplier of water shall provide appropriate safety or protective equipment in accordance with Table 15.5 in Water Treatment Plant Design as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
(14) Standby Power.
(a) By no later than December 31, 2005, each community water system (CWS) serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections shall provide standby power for operation of that portion of the system's water source, treatment, and pumping facilities necessary to deliver drinking water meeting all applicable primary or secondary standards at a rate at least equal to the average daily water demand for the system. If a CWS interconnects with another CWS to meet this requirement, the portion of the combined systems' components provided with standby power shall be sufficient to deliver water at a rate at least equal to the average daily water demand for the combined systems.
(b) Where standby power is required under paragraph (a), above, it shall be provided through:
1. Connection to at least two independent power feeds from separate substations, or
2. One or more auxiliary power sources (i.e., generators or engines).
(c) Where standby power is required under paragraph (a), above, and is provided through connection to independent power feeds from separate substations, the power feeds shall not be located in the same conduit or supported from the same utility pole and, if overhead power feeds are used, shall not cross or be located in an area where a single plausible occurrence (e.g., a fallen tree) could disrupt both power feeds.
(d) Where standby power is required under paragraph (a), above, and is provided through an auxiliary power source, an in-place auxiliary power source is preferred. A portable auxiliary power source may be provided only if all of the following conditions are met:
1. A system to automatically start up the auxiliary power source and transfer electrical loads is not required under paragraph (e), below.
2. The supplier of water demonstrates that the water system has first priority for use of the portable auxiliary power source.
3. The supplier of water demonstrates that the portable auxiliary power source will at all times be in reasonably close proximity to (i.e., within 25 miles of) the water system components for which standby power is required.
(e) Where standby power is required under paragraph (a), above, and the time delay required to manually transfer electrical loads from one power source to another could result in failure to maintain the minimum water distribution system pressure required under subsection 62-555.350(7), F.A.C., the supplier of water shall provide a system to automatically start up the auxiliary power source if an auxiliary power source is provided and to automatically transfer electrical loads.
(f) At each site where standby power is required under paragraph (a), above, the supplier of water shall provide by December 31, 2005, an audio-visual alarm system that is activated in the event any power source fails. If the site is not staffed during all hours the standby-powered water system components are in operation, the alarm also shall be telemetered to a place staffed during all hours the standby-powered water system components are in operation, or shall trigger an automatic telephone dialing or paging device, to enable notification of an authorized representative of the supplier of water.
(15) High-Service or Booster Pumps. For purposes of this subsection, well pump installations shall be considered high-service pumping stations if the well pumps serve as high-service pumps.
(a) Unless elevated finished-drinking-water storage is provided, the total capacity of all high-service pumping stations connected to a water system, or the capacity of a booster pumping station, shall be sufficient to:
1. Meet at least the water system's, or the booster station service area's, peak-hour water demand (and if fire protection is being provided, meet at least the water system's, or the booster station service area's, design fire-flow rate plus a background water demand equivalent to the maximum-day demand other than fire-flow demand); and,
2. Maintain a minimum gauge pressure of 20 pounds per square inch throughout the water system's, or the booster station service area's, distribution system up to each customer's point of connection to the distribution system.
(b) Where elevated finished-drinking-water storage is provided, the total capacity of all high-service pumping stations connected to a water system, or the capacity of a booster pumping station, shall be sufficient to at least meet the water system's, or the booster station service area's, maximum-day water demand (including design fire-flow demand if fire protection is being provided) and to maintain distribution system pressure as specified in subparagraph 62-555.320(15)(a) 2., F.A.C. In addition, the total capacity of the high-service pumping stations, or the capacity of the booster pumping station, combined with the useful elevated finished-water storage capacity shall be sufficient to meet the water system's, or the booster station service area's, peak-hour water demand for at least four consecutive hours (and if fire protection is being provided, shall be sufficient to meet the water system's, or the booster station service area's, design fire-flow rate plus a background water demand equivalent to the maximum-day demand other than fire-flow demand for the design fire-flow duration).
(c) At each high-service or booster pumping station that is constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, and that is connected to a community water system (CWS) serving, or designed to serve, 350 or more persons or 150 or more service connections, the supplier of water shall provide an installed or uninstalled standby pump of sufficient capacity to replace the largest pump. However, for CWSs that have multiple interconnected pumping stations subject to this requirement, the supplier of water may provide one uninstalled standby pump for each size of high-service or booster pump installed in the water system instead of providing a standby pump on site at each high-service or booster pumping station; and for water systems that have only one pumping station subject to this requirement and that are designed to serve 10, 000 or fewer persons, as many as three water systems located in the same county, or within 50 miles of one another, may enter into a mutual aid agreement to share one appropriately sized, uninstalled standby pump instead of providing a standby pump on site at each water system's high-service or booster pumping station.
(16) Finished-Drinking-Water Meters. All water treatment plants that are connected to a community water system and water treatment plants that are connected to a non-community water system and that are constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, shall be equipped with a totalizing flow meter to measure the net quantity of finished drinking water, excluding any filter backwash water, produced at the plant each day. All other drinking water treatment plants shall be equipped with at least elapsed time meters that can be used in conjunction with calibrated pumps to measure the net quantity of finished drinking water produced at the plant each day.
(17) Finished-Drinking-Water Sampling Taps. A conveniently accessible sampling tap shall be provided at each entry point to a drinking water distribution system (i.e., at each point where drinking water source and treatment facilities discharge to a drinking water distribution system), so that samples of finished drinking water may be taken in accordance with subsection 62-550.500(5), F.A.C. Each such sampling tap shall be located downstream from all water treatment processes at a point where all treatment chemicals have been thoroughly mixed with the water and shall be located upstream from all water customers. If a water system draws water from more than one source and combines the sources before distribution, a single finished-water sampling tap may be provided downstream from where all of the sources are combined at a point where all of the sources have been thoroughly mixed together.
(18) Pump Suction Piping. All pump suction piping that is conveying raw, partially treated, or finished drinking water shall be protected against infiltration. Pump suction piping that is conveying raw, partially treated, or finished drinking water and that is constructed or altered under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, must be located aboveground or, if located underground, must be constantly under positive gauge pressure.
(19) Finished-Drinking-Water Storage Capacity. This subsection addresses finished-water storage capacity necessary for operational equalization to meet peak water demand. (If fire protection is being provided, additional finished-water storage capacity shall be provided as necessary to meet the design fire-flow rate for the design fire-flow duration.) The finished-water storage capacity necessary to meet the peak water demand for a consecutive system may be provided by the consecutive system or by a wholesale system delivering water to the consecutive system.
(a) Except as noted in paragraph (b), below, the total useful finished-water storage capacity (excluding any storage capacity for fire protection) connected to a water system shall at least equal 25 percent of the system's maximum-day water demand, excluding any design fire-flow demand.
(b) A total useful finished-water storage capacity less than that specified in paragraph (a), above, is acceptable if the supplier of water or construction permit applicant makes one of the following demonstrations:
1. A demonstration consistent with Section 10.6.3 in Water Distribution Systems Handbook as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., showing that the water system's total useful finished-water storage capacity (excluding any storage capacity for fire protection) is sufficient for operational equalization.
2. A demonstration showing that, in conjunction with the capacity of the water system's source, treatment, and finished-water pumping facilities, the water system's total useful finished-water storage capacity (excluding any storage capacity for fire protection) is sufficient to meet the water system's peak-hour water demand for at least four consecutive hours. For small water systems with hydropneumatic tanks that are installed under a construction permit for which the Department receives a complete application on or after August 28, 2003, the supplier of water or construction permit applicant also shall demonstrate that, in conjunction with the capacity of the water system's source, treatment, and finished-water pumping facilities, the water system's total useful finished-water storage capacity (i.e., the water system's total effective hydropneumatic tank volume) is sufficient to meet the water system's peak instantaneous water demand for at least 20 consecutive minutes.
(20) Hydropneumatic Tanks. New hydropneumatic tanks, including bladder- or diaphragm-type tanks, shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 7.2 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., except that:
(a) The tanks need not be housed.
(b) Tanks installed on or after August 28, 2003, except those installed under a construction permit for which the Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003, shall have an automatic air or pressure relief valve.
(c) Bladder- or diaphragm-type tanks need not have an access manhole, water sight glass, or means for adding air other than a recharging valve.
(21) Drinking Water Piping and Appurtenances.
(a) All new or altered mains, including treatment plant process piping, and appurtenances conveying raw or partially treated drinking water shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Sections 8.0, 8.4, 8.5, and 8.7 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., except that:
1. Asbestos-cement water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in accordance with American Water Works Association (AWWA) Standard C603 as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., and polyvinyl chloride water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in accordance with AWWA Standard C605 as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., while all other types of water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in accordance with AWWA Standard C600 as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
2. Water mains and appurtenances that normally convey surface water, or ground water under the direct influence of surface water, and that are located upstream of all filtration and disinfection treatment facilities need not be disinfected.
3. All water mains and appurtenances other than those described in subparagraph 2., above, shall be disinfected and bacteriologically evaluated in accordance with Rule 62-555.340, F.A.C.
(b) All new or altered piping, including treatment plant process piping, and appurtenances conveying finished drinking water shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Sections 8.0 through 8.5 and 8.7 through 8.11 in Recommended Standards for Water Works as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., except that:
1. Asbestos-cement water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in accordance with American Water Works Association (AWWA) Standard C603 as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., and polyvinyl chloride water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in accordance with AWWA Standard C605 as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., while all other types of water mains shall be pressure and leakage tested in accordance with AWWA Standard C600 as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C.
2. All water mains and appurtenances shall be disinfected and bacteriologically evaluated in accordance with Rule 62-555.340, F.A.C.
3. All water main pipe, including fittings, installed on or after August 28, 2003, except pipe installed under a construction permit for which the Department received a complete application before August 28, 2003, shall be color coded or marked using blue as a predominant color to differentiate drinking water from reclaimed or other water. Underground plastic pipe shall be solid-wall blue pipe, shall have a co-extruded blue external skin, or shall be white or black pipe with blue stripes incorporated into, or applied to, the pipe wall; and underground metal or concrete pipe shall have blue stripes applied to the pipe wall. Pipe striped during manufacturing of the pipe shall have continuous stripes that run parallel to the axis of the pipe, that are located at no greater than 90-degree intervals around the pipe, and that will remain intact during and after installation of the pipe. If tape or paint is used to stripe pipe during installation of the pipe, the tape or paint shall be applied in a continuous line that runs parallel to the axis of the pipe and that is located along the top of the pipe; for pipes with an internal diameter of 24 inches or greater, tape or paint shall be applied in continuous lines along each side of the pipe as well as along the top of the pipe. Aboveground pipe at drinking water treatment plants shall be color coded and labeled in accordance with subsection 62-555.320(10), F.A.C., and all other aboveground pipe shall be painted blue or shall be color coded or marked like underground pipe.
(c) The Department shall allow the use of pipe and appurtenances that do not conform to applicable American Water Works Association (AWWA) standards as incorporated into Rule 62-555.330, F.A.C., only if suppliers of water or construction permit applicants provide documentation showing that the alternate pipe and appurtenances provide strength, durability, reliability, and public health protection at least equal to that provided by pipe and appurtenances that conform to applicable AWWA standards.
Notes
Rulemaking Authority 403.861(9) FS. Law Implemented 403.861(7) FS.
New 11-19-87, Formerly 17-22.620, Amended 1-18-89, 5-7-90, 1-1-93, 3-8-94, Formerly 17-555.320, Amended 8-28-03.