(a)
Requirements. The secondary liner shall meet the following
requirements:
(1) The secondary liner shall
prevent the migration of leachate through the liner to the greatest degree that
is technologically possible.
(2)
The effectiveness of the secondary liner in preventing the migration of
leachate may not be adversely affected by the physical or chemical
characteristics of solid waste, solid waste constituents or leachate from the
facility.
(3) The secondary liner
shall be resistant to physical failure, chemical failure and other failure from
the sources identified under §
289.412(d)
(relating to liner system and leachate control plan).
(4) The secondary liner shall cover the
bottom and sidewalls of the facility.
(b)
Design requirements.
Unless alternative design requirements to meet the performance standards in
subsection (a) as part of the permit under §
287.231 (relating to equivalency
review procedure) are approved, the secondary liner shall meet, at the minimum,
the requirements of Appendix A, Table I (relating to minimum liner design
standards).
(c)
Construction requirements. A secondary liner shall:
(1) Be no more permeable than 1.0 x
10-7 cm/sec., based on laboratory testing. For
nonsynthetic liners, field testing shall also be conducted.
(2) Be installed, if the liner is synthetic,
according to manufacturer's specifications under the supervision of an
authorized representative of the manufacturer. An approved quality assurance
and quality control plan shall be implemented in the field during the
installation of the liner.
(3) Be
designed, installed and maintained, if the liner is remolded clay, according to
a quality assurance and quality control plan approved by the
Department.
(4) Be inspected for
uniformity, damage and imperfections during construction and
installation.
(d)
Compacted lifts. Secondary liners made of clay, bentonite and
bentonite-like materials shall be constructed in compacted lifts not exceeding
6 inches in depth. A lift shall be scarified before placement of the next
lift.
(e)
Composite
secondary liners.
(1) If the operator
does not design, construct, operate and maintain a composite primary liner, the
operator shall design, construct, operate and maintain a composite secondary
liner which has the following:
(i) An upper
component made of a manufactured geosynthetic liner that meets the requirements
of this section independently of the composite component.
(ii) A composite component made of earthen
material that meets the requirements of this section independently of the upper
component, except that the composite component may not be more permeable than
1.0 x 10-6 cm/sec., based on laboratory and field
testing.
(2) The two
components of the composite liner shall be designed, constructed and maintained
to provide a compression connection, or direct continuous contact, between
them.
(3) Use of a composite
secondary liner does not relieve the operator of responsibility for a separate
primary liner under §
289.436 (relating to primary
liner).
(f)
Natural attenuation prohibited. A facility or a component
thereof that is subject to this section may not have a secondary liner based
upon natural attenuation of leachate.